Comparison of simultaneous and sequential repair of bilateral inguinal

Comparison of morbidity and short term complications of simultaneous bilateral inguinal hernia repair with sequential repair of bilateral inguinal hernia. Quasi-experimental study. Surgical department of CMH Rawalpindi from 19-8-2005 to 11-6-2006. In the study 50 patients underwent inguinal hernia repair, 25 underwent simultaneous bilateral repair [Group I] while the other 25 patients underwent sequential repairs with a variable time duration in between [Group II]. Results were recorded on a pre designed proforma. The number of days spent in the hospital by patients in group I was significantly less [4.8 days] than patients in group II [9.6 days]. The need for narcotic analgesics was also significantly increased in group II patients [19 as compared to 8]. The post operative complications were comparable in both the groups [6 in group I and 9 in group II]. A tension free technique allows bilateral inguinal hernias to be repaired during one operation with similar outcomes as unilateral tension free repair and less hospital stay than sequential repair

Mastalgia comparison of topical non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs with evening primrose oil

Mastalgia is a common clinical symptom experienced by up to 70% of women at some stage of their life. A wide variety of therapeutic agents are available for the treatment of mastalgia. Both evening primrose oil and non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been assessed in randomized controlled trials and demonstrated to be effective. The objective of this Quasi experimental study was to compare the efficacy and safety of topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with evening primrose oil in the treatment of mastalgia. We studied 90 females patients presenting the breast pain from 25 July 2006 to 25 July 2007 at the surgical outpatient department of CMH Kharian. The patients were divided into three groups. Group-1 was given capsule Effamol [evening primrose oil], group-2 topical brufen gel and group-3 topical Vaseline for two months. Patients were followed every two weeks for two months. Response was assessed using Cardiff breasts pain score. Side effects of drugs were recorded at each follow up. Out of 30 patients of group-1, 14 [46.6%] had clinically significant response at the end of 8 weeks treatment as compared to 27 [90%] in group-2. 5 [16.6%] patients of group-1 showed mild side effects while none in group-2 had any side effect. P-value was <0.0001 showing highly significant difference between 2 groups. Topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are safe and effective as compared to evening primrose oil in the treatment of mastalgia