ABSTRACT
Statement of the Problem: Genetic polymorphisms can alter immunity response against pathogens, which in turn influence individuals' susceptibility to certain infections
Purpose: Our aim was to determine the association of Arg753Gln [rs5743708] and Arg677Trp [rs12191786] polymorphisms of toll like receptor-2 gene with the two clinical forms of apical periodontitis: acute apical abscess [AAA] and asymptomatic apical periodontitis [AAP]
Materials and Method: There were 50 patients with AAA as case group and 50 with AAP as control group. Genotyping was done using Tetra-ARMS [amplification refractory mutation system] PCR
Results: Heterozygous genotype of Arg677Trp polymorphism was associated with risk of AAA [OR=1.9, 95% CI: 0.7-5.5, p= 0.05]. Although statistically insignificant, Arg677Trp polymorphism promoted the risk of AAA in dominant model [OR=2.1, 95% CI: 0.7-5.9, p> 0.05]. The frequency of mutant allele [T] of Arg677Trp polymorphism was higher in AAA [14%] than AAP [7%] subjects [OR=1.7, 95% CI: 0.6-4.7]. For Arg753Gln polymorphism, wild homozygous [GG] represented the dominant genotype in both cases [96%] and controls [100%]. Variant allele [A] of Arg753Gln polymorphism was identified in 2% of AAA, while no individual represented with this allele in AAP subjects. Individuals with Arg753Gln; Arg677Trp [GG; TC] combination showed an elevated risk of AAA [OR=1.6, 95% CI: 0.5- 4.2, p> 0.05]
Conclusion: Arg677Trp polymorphism of TLR-2 rendered a higher risk for the development of abscesses in apical periodontitis. It is recommended to explore role of this polymorphism in other populations