ABSTRACT
Objective: The presence of neurotrophic factors is critical for regeneration of neural lesions. Here, we transplanted combination of neurotrophic factor secreting cells [NTF-SCs] and human adipose derived stem cells [hADSCs] into a lysolecithin model of multiple sclerosis [MS] and determined the myelinization efficiency of these cells
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 50 adult rats were randomly divided into five groups: control, lysolecithin, vehicle, hADSCs transplantation and NTF-SCs/ hADSCs co-transplantation group. Focal demyelization was induced by lysolecithin injection into the spinal cord. In order to assess motor functions, all rats were scored weekly with a standard experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis scoring scale before and after cell transplantation. Four weeks after cell transplantation, the extent of demyelination and remyelination were examined with Luxol Fast Blue [LFB] staining. Also, immunofluorescence method was used for evaluation of oligodendrocyte differentiation markers including; myelin basic protein [MBP] and Olig2 in the lesion area
Results: Histological study show somewhat remyelinzation in cell transplantation groups related to others. In addition, the immunofluorescence results indicated that the MBP and Olig2 positive labeled cells were significantly higher in co-cell transplantation group than hADSCs group [P<0.05]. Also, outcome of motor functional test showed significant improvement function in cell transplantation groups, as compared to the others [P<0.01]
Conclusion: Our results indicated that the remyelinization process in co-cell transplantation group was better than other groups. Thus, NTF-SCs/ hADSCs transplantation can be proper candidate for cell based therapy in neurodegenerative diseases, such as MS
ABSTRACT
Background: Multiple Sclerosis [MS] has been explained as an autoimmune mediated disorder in central nerve system. Since conventional therapies for MS are not able to stop or reverse the destruction of nerve tissue, stem cell-based therapy has been proposed for the treatment of MS. Astaxanthin [AST] is a red fat-soluble xanthophyll with neuroprotection activity. The aim of this study was evaluation of pre-inducer function of AST on differentiation of human Adipose- Derived Stem Cells [hADSCs] into oligodendrocyte precursor cells
Methods: After stem cell isolation, culture and characterization by flow cytometry, hanging drop technique was done for embryoid body formation. In the following, hADSCs were differentiated into oligodendrocyte cells in the presence of AST at various concentrations [1, 5, and 10 ng/ml]. Finally, immunocytochemistry and real-time PCR techniques were used for assessment of oligodendrocyte differentiation
Results: Flow cytometry results indicated that hADSCs were CD44, CD49-positive, but were negative for CD14, CD45 markers. In addition, immunocytochemistry results revealed that, in AST treated groups, the mean percentage of Olig 2 and A2B5 positive cells increased especially in 5 ng/ml AST treated group compared to control group [p<0.001]. Moreover, real-time PCR analysis confirmed the results of immunocytochemistry
Conclusion: Since hADSCs have the potential to differentiate into multi lineage cells and due to important functions of AST in regulating various cellular processes, it seems that AST can be used as a promoter for oligodendrocyte differentiation of hADSCs for being used in cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis
ABSTRACT
Background: Stem cell-based therapy is a novel strategy for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. The transplantation of fully differentiated cells instead of stem cells in order to decrease serious adverse complications of stem cell therapy is a new idea. In this study, the effect of lithium chloride on dopaminergic differentiation of human immortalized RenVm cells was investigated in order to access a population of fully differentiated cells for transplantation in Parkinson disease
Methods: The immortalized RenVm cells were induced to dopaminergic differentiation using a neurobasal medium supplemented with N2 and different concentrations [1, 3, 6 mM] of Lithium Chloride [LiCl] for 4, 8 and 12 days. The efficiency of dopaminergic differentiation was evaluated using immunocytochemistry and western blot techniques for tyrosine hydroxylase and beta-catenin marker expression
Results: Our results indicated that LiCl can promote dopaminergic differentiation of RenVm cells in a dose-dependent manner
Conclusion: It can be concluded that LiCl is able to facilitate dopaminergic differentiation of cultured cells by affecting Wnt-frizzled signaling pathway
ABSTRACT
Multiple sclerosis [MS] is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by central nervous system [CNS] lesions that can lead to severe physical or cognitive disability as well as neurological defects. Although the etiology and pathogenesis of MS remains unclear, the present documents illustrate that the cause of MS is multifactorial and include genetic predisposition together with environmental factors such as exposure to infectious agents, vitamin deficiencies, and smoking. These agents are able to trigger a cascade of events in the immune system which lead to neuronal cell death accompanied by nerve demyelination and neuronal dysfunction. Conventional therapies for MS are based on the use of anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory drugs, but these treatments are not able to stop the destruction of nerve tissue. Thus, other strategies such as stem cell transplantation have been proposed for the treatment of MS. Overall, it is important that neurologists be aware of current information regarding the pathogenesis, etiology, diagnostic criteria, and treatment of MS. Thus, this issue has been discussed according to recent available information
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Women , Multiple Sclerosis/pathology , Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Anti-Inflammatory Agents , Stem Cell TransplantationABSTRACT
Introduction: Cervical rib is relatively uncommon congenital abnormality that originates from the seventh cervical vertebrae and rarely from the sixth vertebrae. The purpose of this paper is to consider that this abnormal condition is an important cause of neurovascular compression at the thoracic outlet
Methods: In this study all patients who were referred to radiology department of Isfahan hospitals [Iran] for chest X-ray or other cervical films, for any reasons, were evaluated for cervical rib and anyone who had this abnormality was entered in this study. Here, we performed Nerve Conduction Velocity Test [NCV] and Doppler sonography, depending on the vascular or neurological symptoms
Results: The results of this study show that the incidence of the neurological compression was higher than vascular compression. In addition, the prevalence of neurological complication in female was high [85.7%] and a significant percentage of them were above 30 years
Conclusion: Cervical rib occurs more commonly in women and have different prevalence rates in different ethnic populations. Moreover, a high percentage of them have neurological complication which is a symptom of thoracic outlet syndrome