ABSTRACT
To see the frequency of ABO, subgroup ABO and Rh[D] blood groups in Patients, and donors, who attended the Liaquat university hospital for any type of surgery, Gynaecology and Obstratical problem, etc, of Hyderabad and its territory. Cross- sectional study. Department of Pathology and Diagnostic and Research Laboratory, LUMHS, Jamshoro/ Hyderabad, from February, 2012 to March, 2012. Donors and patients of both sexes, blood samples were collected under aseptic condition from anti-cubital vein for determination of blood groups. Subjects belonging to Hyderabad and its Territory, were included in this study. ABO blood grouping was determined by tile method using commercially prepared anti sera, anti A, anti B, anti AB [Plasmatic Kent, UK]. Presence of Rh D antigen was determined by anti-D [Biotic Laboratories Ltd UK]. For Rh-negative Du test was done. Our study shows, A positive-22.88%, A negative-02.31%, B positive-33.85%, B negative -03.27%, AB positive-08.27%, AB negative-0.77%, O positive-26.73%, O negative -01.92%. Regarding the management of blood bank and transfusion services in this area. ABO and Rh antigenic structure differs between regions and nations. Knowledge of blood group distribution may also play an important role for clinical studies, reliable geographical information and for forensic studies in the populations. Such studies need to be carried out at all the regional levels of Pakistan
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Rh-Hr Blood-Group System , IncidenceABSTRACT
Carcinoma of the breast is the common malignancy in Pakistani females. The study was conducted to assess estrogen receptor [ER], progesterone receptor [PR] and Her-2/neu over-expression in females with relation to age. Institution based prospective study. This study was carried out at the Histopathology section in the Department of Pathology, LUMHS, Jamshoro from March 2010 to December 2011. Fifty cases of breast carcinoma were selected to evaluate ER, PR and Her-2/neu over-expression by Immunohistochemistry [IHC]. The predominant histologic morphology was Infiltrating duct cell carcinoma. Majority of the cases presented with grade-II [78.7%] with a mean age of 46.5 years. IHC performed on 50 cases revealed ER +ve in 34 [68%] cases with a mean age of 47.5 years and ER -ve in 16 [32%] cases with a mean age of 44.5 years while PR +ve in 30 [60%] cases with mean age of 44.1 years and PR -ve in 20 [40%] cases with a mean age of 50.1 years. Her-2/neu over-expression was found in 15 [30%] cases with a mean age of 41.6 years and Her-2/neu -ve in 35 [70%] cases with a mean age of 48.6 years. ER and PR expression was found at a significant level reflecting a good therapeutic and prognostic value but the frequency of Her-2/neu over-expression was high reflecting a bad prognosis