Atrocious dietary habits leading females of Karachi towards polycystic ovary syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome [PCOS] is the most common chronic endocrine disorder that is responsible for imbalance of hormones affecting women of reproductive age leading to difficulties in period cycle and getting pregnant. The aim of study was to evaluate the routine eating habit of the patients. The study was conducted in Gynecology ward of Tertiary care hospital. This analytical study was performed after taking consent including those patients, who came to the clinic to report their problem of infertility [married women] and irregular periods problems [unmarried girls], targeted age group was between 25 to 35. Interview based study was conducted which include all the questions related to their eating habits like; food typically eaten in breakfast, lunch, dinner and amount of snacks taken per meal. High intake of carbohydrate and fats also investigated per meal. There BMI and FBS was also calculated. Total 300 patients were studied out of which 50 patients were included in the study and the results showed that in PCOS patients the frequency of obesity and overweight is [92%], followed by [66%] of patients had excess carbohydrate/sugar craving while 34% patients had normal eating patterns. High rates of these complications were seen in the series. From the results it is suggested that obese women with PCOS requires more attention toward the appropriate management of their dietary habits, as their high BMI and high fasting blood sugar is correlating with abnormal clinical and biochemical features. Calorie intake should be restricted. Diet control along with exercise was suggested to the patients

Responsibility, prevalence and major factors of infertility. a cross-sectional study in Karachi

A cross-sectional study was conducted to target the infertile couples visiting to private and government hospitals in Karachi from 2012 to 2014. The aim of the study is to know the higher prevalence of infertility among the married couples and to determine the major factors causing infertility. Detailed evaluation had been made to assess each cause. Likewise, in females, we analyze menstrual history, parity, past surgical history, family history and body weight, years of marriage, complete hormonal profile and ultrasonic measurements. On the other hand, in males; we conduct complete analysis of semen, coital frequency, addiction to any substance and medical history. Overall 475 infertile couples were targeted in the study, in which 175 pairs were included, who full fills all the inclusion criteria, i.e. with complete medical investigations and excluded the remaining with incomplete reports in females and in males who denied semen evaluation. The included couples are divided into four groups in order to determine the responsibility of childlessness between the two, a] female, b] male, c] both and d] unexplained infertility. Our study concludes that in the Karachi the majority of females are responsible for unproductiveness up to 41.1% rather than the male up to 25%, whereas 16.5% both the couples are involved in it and 17% has unexplained screened problems. Moreover, our study further explores the occurrence of primary infertility which is twice, i.e. 71.1% than secondary infertility, i.e. 22.8% in Karachi city. However, the major female factor is PCOS which is observed in more than half of the females in both primary and secondary incidents. While, lower sperm count, inefficient sperm motility and higher rate of abnormal sperm are the key male factors

awareness of hepatitis B among barbers and beauticians in united Arab Emirates

To assess the knowledge of risk factors of Hepatitis B, attitudes and practices of safety procedures in preventing the disease in barbers and beauticians. A cross-sectional survey was done among 50 barbers and 50 beauticians from saloons across three major cities in the UAE using an interview method. Their responses were noted in a questionnaire designed for the study. A significant difference was found in the knowledge between barbers and beauticians. 68% of people had heard about Hepatitis of which 90% were females. Only 6% of males knew the symptoms of HBV in comparison to 36% females. 22% males were aware of the route of transmission when compared to 52% females. 10% males had heard about HBV vaccine while 80% women knew about it. Jaundice [33.9%] was the most common symptom the study subjects were aware of. 40% of the study subjects were aware of the risk factors; of which 48% were females. Beauticians from Philippines and India are more educated and aware of HBV than barbers from Bangladesh and Pakistan who were less educated and unaware of HBV. The attitudes and practices should be regulated by a central body for all age and risk groups. Education, prevention, attitudes, safety practices and medical management is a key to control hepatitis B infection. Awareness should be carried out at National and Educational levels globally