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Objective@#To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of adult inpatients with gas burns in the Department of Burns of Hwa Mei Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (hereinafter referred to as the author′s unit) , so as to provide evidence for the prevention of gas burn.@*Methods@#Medical records of all inpatients with flame burns admitted to the author′s unit from January 2011 to December 2017 were collected. The percentage of adult inpatients with gas burns in total inpatients with flame burns in the same period, and their gender, age, injury season, accident place, burn severity, common compound injury, complication, population caliber, education, industry, as well as the pre-injury disease and prognosis of elderly inpatients with gas burns were retrospectively analyzed. In addition, the age, accident place, education, and industry of the floating population in the adult inpatients with gas burns were analyzed separately and compared with the total population of adult inpatients with gas burns in 7 years. Data were processed with chi-square test or Fisher′s exact probability test (Monte Carlo algorithm).@*Results@#During the 7 years, 1 490 inpatients with flame burns were admitted to the author′s unit, among which 511 were adult inpatients with gas burns, accounting for 34.30%. The number of adult inpatients with gas burns increased gradually during the 7 years, but its percentage in the total inpatients with flame burns during the same period showed no significant difference (χ2=7.087, P>0.05). Among the 511 adult inpatients with gas burns (hereinafter referred to as the patients in this group), there were 315 males and 196 females, with a male/female ratio of 1.61 to 1.00, and the middle-aged patients were the most, up to 270 cases, accounting for 52.84%. The distribution of adult inpatients with gas burns during the 7 years was significantly different in gender and age (χ2=54.810, 27.832, P<0.01). Among the patients in this group, most were injured in summer, totally 251 cases, accounting for 49.12%, and the accident place was mainly at home, totally 388 cases, accounting for 75.93%. The distribution of adult inpatients with gas burns during the 7 years was significantly different in injury season (χ2=42.254, P<0.01), but not in accident place (χ2=6.782, P>0.05). The patients in this group were mainly with moderate burns (237 cases, accounting for 46.38%), and the distribution trend of burn severity of adult inpatients with gas burns was basically the same during the 7 years (χ2=19.680, P>0.05); 176 patients (34.44%) were accompanied by inhalation injury, and 30 patients (5.87%) were accompanied by blast injury of lung; post injury complications occurred in 20 patients (3.91%). In the elderly inpatients with gas burns, 44.44% (32/72) were accompanied by pre-injury basic diseases, and the proportion of death or unhealed reached 18.06% (13/72). Most of the patients in this group were permanent residents (358 cases, accounting for 70.06%) and received secondary education (304 cases, accounting for 59.49%), and the majority of them were engaged in manufacturing/construction (138 cases, accounting for 27.01%), self-employed business (90 cases, accounting for 17.61%), and catering (90 cases, accounting for 17.61%) industries. The distribution of adult inpatients with gas burns during the 7 years was significantly different in population caliber, education, and occupation (χ2=17.496, 29.898, 88.896, P<0.05 or P<0.01). Among the patients of this group, the floating population were mainly young (90 cases, accounting for 58.82%) and middle-aged (62 cases, accounting for 40.52%), with main accident place at home (97 cases, accounting for 63.40%), generally received secondary education (101 cases, accounting for 66.01%), and were mainly engaged in manufacturing/construction (71 cases, accounting for 46.41%), self-employed business (26 cases, accounting for 16.99%), and catering (20 cases, accounting for 13.07%) industries. Compared with the total adult inpatients with gas burns in 7 years, the floating population were younger, more injured in the workplace, and more concentrated in industry (χ2=42.924, 9.390, 27.819, P<0.01).@*Conclusions@#Gas burn was the leading injury cause of inpatients with flame burns in the author′s unit, which mainly occurred in summer and at home; the patients were mainly male, young and middle-aged, and permanent residents, most of which were with moderate burn, often accompanied by inhalation injury. Most of the patients were of secondary education, engaged in manufacturing/construction, self-employed business, and catering industries, among which the floating population were younger, more injured in the workplace, and more concentrated in industry. In order to prevent gas burn, we should pay more attention to the propaganda and education of gas safety among young and middle-aged men, floating population, retired old people and housewives, especially in summer, we should do a good job in gas safety inspection at home. In addition, we should urge enterprises to further strengthen the supervision of production safety.
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Objective: To investigate the effect of calcitonin (CT) on promoting collagen synthesis and osteogenesis of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs). Methods: Fifty adult participants were divided into chronic periodontitis (CP) group (n=25) and control group (n=25). In the CP group, the anterior maxilla with probing depth ≥5 mm and the sites with imaging evidence of bone loss were selected. The gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were collected from 6 maxillary sites in each patient. In the control group, multiple sites without inflammation (10 to 12 per subject) were sampled to ensure that a sufficient amount of GCF was collected. The expression of CT, transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 2/4/7 in GCF was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the correlation between CT expression and clinical parameters such as periodontal pocket probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL) and gingival index (GI), and the above-mentioned indicators was investigated with Spearman correlation analysis. hPDLSCs were infected with the adenoviruses carrying CT gene (Ad.CT) and the expression of mRNA and protein of TGF-β1, BMP2/4/7, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OCN) and collagen type I/III (Col I/III) were detected by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting. Results: The expression level of CT in GCF of the CP group was significantly higher than that of the control group ([32.62±1.46] ng/mL vs [17.70 ± 0.76] ng/mL, P<0.01). The expression of CT was positively correlated with clinical parameters such as PD, CAL and GI (P<0.01, P<0.05). The expression levels of BMP2/4/7 and TGF-β1 in GCF of the CP group were significantly higher than those of the control group (BMP2: [138.67 ± 4.04] ng/mL vs [103.96 ± 2.78] ng/mL, BMP4: [155.53 ± 3.55] ng/mL vs [133.15 ± 2.92] ng/mL; BMP7: [106.59 ± 2.85] ng/mL vs [90.22±1.56] ng/mL; TGF-β1: [105.92 ± 3.40] ng/mL vs [89.85 ± 2.42] ng/mL; all P<0.01). The expression of BMP2/4/7 and TGF-β1 was negatively correlated with CT expression (P<0.01, P<0.05). The overexpression of CT significantly increased the expression of TGF-β1, Col I/III and osteoblast markers BMP2/4, ALP and OCN in GCF (all P<0.01). Compared with the cells co-infected with Ad.CT and Ad.Null, the cells co-infected with Ad.CT and small interfering RNA specifically blocking TGF-β1 (Ad.TGF-β1 siRNA) had significantly lower collagen expression (Col I: 0.16 ± 0.02 vs 0.22 ± 0.03; Col III: 0.11±0.01 vs 0.15 ± 0.02; both P<0.01). Compared with Ad.CT infected cells, the protein expression levels of ALP and OCN were significantly decreased in Ad.CT and noggin co-treated cells (ALP: 0.19 ± 0.02 vs 0.25 ± 0.03; OCN: 0.13 ± 0.01 vs 0.19 ± 0.02; both P<0.01). Conclusion: CT can promote collagen synthesis and osteogenesis in hPDLSCs through TGF-β1 and BMP signaling transduction pathways.
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From June to November 2016, 5 patients with severe burns were admitted to our unit. Broad-spectrum antibiotic and fluconazole were used on patients as earlier empirical anti-infection therapy of bacteria and fungi. Seven to twenty-one days after injury, 5 patients developed fungal infection. Antifungal agents of caspofungin, voriconazole, and amphotericin B liposomewere were used according to the results of fungal culture, and the infected wounds were also treated with repeated debridement and dressing change. Multiple autologous skin grafts were performed after infection control of wounds. With the above antifungal infection treatment for 5 to 11 days, 2 patients′ condition tended to be stable, and no fungus was found in wound secretion after cultured for many times. The patients were discharged with wounds healed after 52 to 54 days′ hospital stay. Due to severe burns degree and or elder age, fungal infection aggravated and expanded to the trunk in the other 3 patients, then developed into burn sepsis, resulting in patients died of multiple organ failure secondary to sepsis.
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OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the clinical effect of Zhuang medicine tendon therapy combined with chiropractic manipulation in treating sacroiliac joint dislocation.@*METHODS@#From January 2017 to May 2018, 60 patients with sacroiliac joint dislocation were divided into treatment group and control group according to the order of admission. There were 19 males and 11 females in the treatment group, aged from 23 to 52 (38.97±3.23) years old, with a course of 2 h to 5.1 months, with an average of (2.19±1.12) months. There were 14 males and 16 females in the control group, aged from 26 to 50 (39.07±3.30) years old, with a course of 3 h to 6 months, with an average of(2.41±1.05) months. The treatment group was treated with Zhuang medicine tendon therapy combined with chiropractic manipulation, while the control group was treated with conventional acupuncture and massage. Before treatment, the main clinical symptoms of the patients were lumbosacral pain, posterior superior iliac spine not at the same level and accompanied with dyskinesia. The pelvic separation test and the "4" test were positive. After treatment, the curative effect was evaluated according to the improved Macnab standard and the "score of treatment of lumbar diseases".@*RESULTS@#Sixty patients were followed up for an average of 8 months. At the latest follow-up, the clinical effect of modified Macnab was better in the treatment group than in the control group(<0.01). After treatment, the treatment group was better than the control group on lumbar function score (<0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The treatment of sacroiliac joint dislocation by Zhuang medicine tendon therapy combined with chiropractic manipulation has good clinical effect and is worth further application and development.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Fracture Fixation, Internal , Joint Dislocations , Therapeutics , Manipulation, Chiropractic , Sacroiliac Joint , TendonsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of α-enolase (ENO1) in regulating glucose metabolism and cell growth in human glioma cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Glucose uptake and lactate generation were assessed to evaluate the changes in glucose metabolism in human glioma U251 cells with small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated ENO1 knockdown. MTT assay and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining were used to examine the cell growth and cell cycle changes following siRNA transfection of the cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Transfection of U251 cells with siRNA-ENO1 markedly reduced glucose uptake (P=0.023) and lactate generation (P=0.007) in the cells and resulted in significant suppression of cell proliferation (*P<0.05) since the second day following the transfection. Transfection with siRNA-ENO1 also obviously suppressed cell cycle G1/S transition in the cells (P=0.0425). The expressions of HK2 and LDHA, the marker genes for glucose metabolism, were significantly down-regulated in the cells with siRNA-mediated ENO1 knockdown.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ENO1 as a potential oncogene promotes glioma cell growth by positively modulating glucose metabolism.</p>
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Objective The aim of this study was to demonstrate the immunogenicity and safety of diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (acellular, component) , poliomyelitis (inactivated) vaccine (adsorbed) and Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine (DTaP-IPV//PRP-T) combined vaccine compared with commercially available DTaP (diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis), Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), tetanus conjugate and IPV monovalent vaccine. Methods Subjects were randomly divided into three groups, Group A and Group B were DTaP-IPV//PRP-T combined vaccine (PENTAXIMTM) vaccinated at 2,3,4 months of age or 3,4, 5 months of age respectively; Group C was commercially available DTaP. Hib tetanus conjugate (Act-HIBTM) and IPV (IMOVAX PolioTM) vaccines vaccinated at 3,4, 5 months of age. All groups received booster dose at 18 to 20 months of age, with antibody titers tested. Non-inferiority analysis was demonstrated in terms of seroprotection / seroconversion rates between Group A, Group B respectively and Group C. Safety information was collected after each vaccination to assess the safety of investigational vaccines. Results The non-inferiority of DTaP-IPV//PRP-T combined vaccine vaccinated at 2,3,4 or 3,4, 5 months of age versus DTaP, Hib tetanus conjugate and IPV vaccine was demonstrated for all vaccine antigens in both primary and booster phases in terms of seroprotection/seroconversion rates. DTaP-IPV//PRP-T combined vaccine was well tolerated. The rate of solicited/unsoliciated severe adverse reactions was very low and similar to the control vaccines. Conclusion DTaP-IPV//PRP-T combined vaccine was highly immunogenic with good safety profile in Chinese infants, which was comparable to the commercially available control vaccines.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the dynamic changes of the anti-HBs level among immunized newborn infants born to HBsAg-positive and HBsAg-negative mothers in hyper-endemic area of Hepatitis B.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Infants who were regularly vaccinated with Hepatitis B vaccine and tested to be anti-HBs positive were divided into two groups according to HBsAg-positive or negative mothers in Long-an, Guangxi. Each subject was followed up 3 times during age 5 to 8. SPRIA was used to test HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc. Results During the follow-up period, positive rates of anti-HBs in children born to HBsAg-positive mothers ranged between 52.00% and 78.00%, and those with HBsAg-negative mothers was between 43.84% and 54.74%. GMT in two groups was between 55.36 mIU/ml and 95.66 mIU/ml as well as between 39.90 mIU/ml and 65.47 mIU/ml, respectively. There was no statistical significance in both positive rates and GMT between age groups. The anti-HBs level in the follow-up period of children born to HBsAg-positive mothers was higher than that of those born to HBsAg-negative mothers in the same age group. In the age group of 6-8 years with HBsAg-negative mothers, the positive rates in the follow-up period of children with high anti-HBs titers in the primary vaccination were 2.29-2.84 times of those with low titers. The anti-HBs titer of children in a follow-up period was lower than that in the primary vaccination, no matter whether they were born to HBsAg-positive mothers. However, the decline rate of children born to HBsAg-negative mothers was significantly higher than those born to HBsAg-positive mothers (84.91% vs. 61.54%; chi2 = 28.7982, P = 0.000). The incidence rate (25.64%) of a 4-fold increase in antibody titers of children born to HBsAg-positive mothers was significantly higher than that of children born to HBsAg-negative mothers (7.37%) from the primary vaccination to the follow-up period (chi2 = 6.7661, P = 0.009) with was 3.5 times of the latter. Subjects with HBsAg seroconvertion were those with low anti-HBs titers in primary vaccination.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The anti-HBs level decreased slowly in successfully immunized children from age 5 to 8. The chance of natural booster yielded by natural infection increased in immunized children born to HBsAg-positive mothers. The anti-HBs level in the primary vaccination played an important role in prevention of seroconversion of HBsAg.</p>
Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Hepatitis B Antibodies , Blood , Allergy and Immunology , Hepatitis B Surface Antigens , Blood , Allergy and Immunology , Hepatitis B Vaccines , Allergy and ImmunologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>In order to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of group A + C meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine, a controlled field trial was performed among children at 6-24 months and 5-13 years old in Longsheng county, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>More than 600 children were selected in this trial. 428 children, aged 6-24 month-old and 5-13 year-old were involved in two experimental groups and were inoculated 100 microg of group A + C meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine. 103 children in positive control group were inoculated 50 microg of group A meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine while 94 children in negative control group were inoculated 30 microg of Typhoid Vi polysaccharide vaccine. Both systemic and local reactions were observed in each group at 6 h,24 h,48 h and 72 h after inoculation. Blood samples were collected in all children before and at 1 month after inoculation. Additionally, at least 50 blood samples were taken in each experimental group at 6 and 12 months after inoculation. Serum bactericidal antibody was tested by micro bactericidal test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Both systemic and local reactions were mild in two experimental groups with only 3 children (0.7%) had > or = 37. 6 degrees C fever, 4 children (0.9%) appeared mild areola but all adverse reaction disappeared within 48 hours. In 5-13 year-old experimental group, the rates for four-fold increase of bactericidal antibody were 96.59% and 92.15% to group A and group C meningococcus respectively at 1 month after inoculation, and remained 90.91% and 90.08% at 12 months after inoculation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Group A + C meningococal polysaccharide vaccine was safe and having good immunogenicity among Chinese children.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Antibodies, Bacterial , Blood , Allergy and Immunology , Meningococcal Vaccines , Allergy and Immunology , Polysaccharides, Bacterial , Allergy and Immunology , Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines , Allergy and ImmunologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy of hepatitis B vaccination on hepatitis B prevention and on hepatocellular carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Birth cohort study, cross-sectional seroepidemiological survey, and surveillance of hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatocellular carcinoma were used to evaluate the efficacy of hepatitis B vaccination.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>During the 14 years after hepatitis B vaccination, the HBsAg positive rates were found to be 0.7% - 2.9%, with an average of 1.5%, and the protective rates were 83.5% - 96.6%. Hepatitis B virus infection rates of children immunized with hepatitis B vaccine were 1.1% - 5.1%, with an average of 2.2% and the protective rates of 93.5% - 98.4%. 15 years after hepatitis B vaccination, the incidence of hepatitis B dropped from 3.27/10 000 to 0.17/10 000, a 94.8% decrease, in the group of 0 - 19 year-olds.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The universal infant hepatitis B vaccination has proved to be effective in reducing the incidence rate of acute hepatitis B as well as the mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma.</p>