ABSTRACT
The triterpenes, squalene (1), friedelin (2) and a mixture of ursolic acid (3a) and oleanolic acid (3b) in a 2:3 ratio, and a mixture of β-sitosterol (4a) and stigmasterol (4b) in a 2:1 ratio, obtained from the dichloromethane extract of Pipturus arborescens (Link) C.B. Rob., were evaluated for their anti-proliferative activities against three human cancer cell lines, breast (MCF-7) and colon (HT-29 and HCT-116), and a normal cell line, human dermal fibroblast- neonatal (HDFn) using the in vitro PrestoBlue® cell viability assay. The HCT-116 cell line was most susceptible to the compounds and mixtures tested. Triterpene 1 was most cytotoxic against HCT-116 and MCF-7 with IC50 values of 4.21 and 5.92 μg/mL, respectively. Triterpene 2 and the mixture of 3a and 3b were highly anti-proliferative against HCT-116 cells (IC50 of 1.22 and 1.66 μg/mL, respectively) and moderately inhibitory against MCF-7 cells (IC50 of 16.51 and 23.97 μg/mL, respectively). The mixture of 4a and 4b exhibited high cytotoxicity against HCT-116 cells (IC50 of 1.14 μg/mL). Compounds 1-4b showed the least activity against HT-29 cells (IC50 of 11.97 to 52.52 μg/mL). Cytotoxic effect was not observed against HDFn cells (>100 μg/mL). Comparing the effects of 1-4b on the two colon cancer cell lines, the IC50 values of 1-4b against HCT-116 were lower than those of HT-29.
ABSTRACT
Chemical investigation of Cycas aenigma, a plant endemic to the Philippines, led to the isolation of a rare neolignan, 2-[2-hydroxy-5-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3-methoxyphenyl]-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propane-1,3-diol (1), pinoresinol (2), and fatty alcohols (3) from the leaflets; and triglycerols (4), and a mixture of β-sitosterol (5a) and stigmasterol (5b) from the petiole and rachis. The structure of 1 was elucidated by extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, while those of 2-5b were identified by comparison of their 1H and/or 13C NMR data with literature data.
ABSTRACT
Chemical investigation of the dichloromethane extracts of Cycas sancti-lasallei, a plant endemic to the Philippines, led to the isolation of squalene (1), β-sitosterol (2a), stigmasterol (2b), and triglycerides (3) from the sarcotesta; 2a, 2b, 3,and phytyl fatty acid esters (4) from the endotesta; 2a, 2b, 3,and β-sitosteryl fatty acid esters (5) from the sclerotesta; and 3 and 5 from the bark. The structures of 1-5 were identified by comparison of their 1H NMR and/or 13C NMR data with those reported in the literature.