ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of the study is to examine the prevalence and factors influencing PTSD among a sample of help-seeking women experiencing domestic violence. Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey study of 40 women in two shelters in Malaysia from 2007 to 2008. Measures include the Detailed Assessment of Posttraumatic Stress; the Measure of Wife Abuse; the Posttraumatic Cognitions Inventory; the Coping Scale for Adults; and the Provision of Social Relations. Results: Results showed that 60% of subjects exhibited patterns of symptoms consistent with the diagnosis of PTSD. The most prominent posttraumatic symptoms reported were re-experience, avoidance, dissociative responses, and symptoms of increased arousal. Both negative appraisals about themselves and self blame for the abusive situations were positively associated with increased tendency to develop PTSD. The greater use of optimism coping style and the higher quality social support appeared to lead to a significantly reduced tendency of developing PTSD. Negative appraisals about themselves were found to be the strongest positive predictor of PTSD [R² = 0.32, F(1,38)=17.67, p<0.001]. However, type of intensity of abuse did not indicate any significant relationship with PTSD. The findings highlighted the need for service providers to screen and educate survivors of domestic violence with respect to PTSD. The study also emphasized the importance of negative appraisals as a factor that contribute to the maintenance or persistence of PTSD. Conclusion: The current findings suggest that service providers should continue to assist the survivors in developing positive coping skills and improve their social support networks. Cognitive-behavioural treatment approaches seem to be particularly relevant for the cognitive distortions commonly presence in survivors of domestic Keywords: Domestic violence, negative appraisal, social support, coping styles, PTSD violence.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of parental stress and psychological wellbeing among parents with autistic children and their associations with dimensions of support system. Methods: This is a preliminary cross sectional study which randomly selected parents with clinically diagnosed autistic children. Those parents who attended psycho-education session on management of autistic children at Health Psychology Unit were randomly selected to enroll in the study. Psychological wellbeing, parental stress and dimensions of support system were assessed by using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), the Parenting Stress Index (PSI) and the Provision Social Relation (PSR), respectively. Results: Of 52 parents with autistic children (34 female and 18 male), about 90.4% of parents had significant parenting stress, and 53.8% of parents showed clinical disturbance in psychological wellbeing. Gender (t=1.67, p=0.02) and occupation (F=4.78, p=0.01) showed statistically significant association with psychological wellbeing. No association found between other socio-demographic factors, parental stress and psychological wellbeing with dimensions of support system among parents with autistic children. Conclusion: Parents with autistic children have high prevalence of stress and psychological disturbances. Interactions of various factors need to be acknowledged and considered in order to reduce the burden of parents with autistic children
ABSTRACT
Clinical psychology is a specialised field of professional psychology that is much needed with regards to the treatment of mental disorders, behaviour problems and learning difficulties. The field of clinical psychology has been integrated into the health system, especially the mental health and education system, in many western countries. In Malaysia, clinical psychology is still a new concept and has yet to be accepted into the medical and health systems in Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia 5 (1) 2007: 59-66 60 general. This preliminary study looks at the awareness of 199 medical and health sciences professional with regards to clinical psychology. Results of this survey found that only 13.6% of the respondents demonstrated basic knowledge of what clinical psychology is. The awareness of clinical psychology as a clinical profession, and its benefits within the health system is still very much lacking among medical and health sciences professionals. The need to improve awareness of clinical psychology as a clinical profession as well as a health science discipline is very important as clinical psychology services are able to contribute to more holistic treatment of health problems in Malaysia. Implications of this study includes the need for the awareness of clinial psychology to be improved.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of parental stress and psychological wellbeing among parents with autistic children and their associations with dimensions of support system. Methods: This is a preliminary cross sectional study which randomly selected parents with clinically diagnosed autistic children. Those parents who attended psycho-education session on management of autistic children at Health Psychology Unit were randomly selected to enroll in the study. Psychological wellbeing, parental stress and dimensions of support system were assessed by using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), the Parenting Stress Index (PSI) and the Provision Social Relation (PSR), respectively. Results: Of 52 parents with autistic children (34 female and 18 male), about 90.4% of parents had significant parenting stress, and 53.8% of parents showed clinical disturbance in psychological wellbeing. Gender (t=1.67, p=0.02) and occupation (F=4.78, p=0.01) showed statistically significant association with psychological wellbeing. No association found between other socio-demographic factors, parental stress and psychological wellbeing with dimensions of support system among parents with autistic children. Conclusion: Parents with autistic children have high prevalence of stress and psychological disturbances. Interactions of various factors need to be acknowledged and considered in order to reduce the burden of parents with autistic children.