ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Introduction Aerobics is a combination of strength and beauty. The complexity of its movements is extreme, and it is easy to cause injuries from sports training in its athletes. Objective Analyze the effect of strength training on injury prevention in aerobic gymnastics. Methods The total duration of the experiment was 8 weeks, and the athletes in the experimental group were trained three times a week with the help of teachers in a dedicated strength training program. The exercise principle of the control group was to perform physical strength training based on running. The control group did not have the special protocol intervention. Their scores were collected and compared before and after the intervention. Statistical analysis was performed for scientific appreciation of the collected data. Results The scores on the deep squat, obstacle avoidance, front and back squat, scapular girdle joint flexibility, straight leg raising, stable trunk flexions, and rotational stability tests in the experimental group were all statistically differentiated. However, the control group's scores had little difference, showing a slight decrease. Conclusion It is recommended to insert the presented program into the conventional aerobic gymnastics training, always with changes that adjust the reality of the athletes' situation, protecting their physical health and improving their competitive level. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
RESUMO Introdução A ginástica aeróbica é uma combinação de força e beleza. A complexidade de seus movimentos é extrema sendo fácil causar lesões oriundas de treinamentos esportivos em seus atletas. Objetivo Analisar o efeito do treinamento de força na prevenção de lesões na ginástica aeróbica. Métodos A duração total do experimento foi de 8 semanas, os atletas do grupo experimental foram treinados três vezes por semana com a ajuda de professores em um programa dedicado ao treinamento de força. O princípio do exercício do grupo de controle foi realizar o treinamento de força física baseado na corrida. O grupo controle não teve a intervenção do protocolo especial. Suas pontuações foram coletadas e comparadas, antes e após a intervenção. Efetuou-se uma análise estatística para apreciação científica dos dados coletados. Resultados As pontuações em agachamento profundo, desvio de obstáculos, agachamento dianteiro e traseiro, flexibilidade das articulações da cintura escapular, elevação reta das pernas, flexões estáveis de tronco e testes de estabilidade rotacional no grupo experimental foram todos estatisticamente diferenciados. Entretanto, as pontuações do grupo de controle tiveram pouca diferença, demonstrando até mesmo uma ligeira diminuição. Conclusão Recomenda-se inserir o programa apresentado ao treinamento de ginástica aeróbica convencional, sempre com alterações que ajustem a realidade da situação dos atletas, protegendo sua saúde física e melhorando o seu nível competitivo. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.
RESUMEN Introducción La gimnasia aeróbica es una combinación de fuerza y belleza. La complejidad de sus movimientos es extrema siendo fácil que se produzcan lesiones originadas por entrenamientos deportivos en sus atletas. Objetivo Analizar el efecto del entrenamiento de fuerza en la prevención de lesiones en la gimnasia aeróbica. Métodos La duración total del experimento fue de 8 semanas, y los atletas del grupo experimental fueron entrenados tres veces por semana con la ayuda de profesores en un programa dedicado al entrenamiento de la fuerza. El principio de ejercicio del grupo de control fue realizar un entrenamiento de fuerza física basado en la carrera. El grupo de control no tuvo la intervención del protocolo especial. Se recogieron sus puntuaciones y se compararon antes y después de la intervención. Se realizó un análisis estadístico para la apreciación científica de los datos recogidos. Resultados Las puntuaciones en las pruebas de sentadilla profunda, desvío de obstáculos, sentadilla frontal y posterior, flexibilidad de la articulación de la cintura escapular, elevación de la pierna recta, flexiones estables del tronco y estabilidad rotacional en el grupo experimental se diferenciaron estadísticamente. Sin embargo, las puntuaciones del grupo de control no presentaban apenas diferencias, mostrando incluso un ligero descenso. Conclusión Se recomienda insertar el programa presentado al entrenamiento convencional de la gimnasia aeróbica, siempre con alteraciones que ajusten la realidad de la situación de los atletas, protegiendo su salud física y mejorando su nivel competitivo. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To evaluate the clinical value of color Doppler ultrasound(CDUS) combined with vascular enhancement technology(VET) in diagnosis of iliac vein compression syndrome(IVCS).Methods:From Jan 2016 to Oct 2018, 252 patients with the lower extremities chronic venous diseases(CVD) were selected in the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University. The ipsilateral iliac veins of the affected limbs were examined by CDUS, VET and the combined diagnosis of IVCS before X-Ray venography(XRV). Iliac vein diameter stenosis ratio(DSR)>50% in transverse section was the criterion of ultrasound diagnosis of IVCS. The stenosis site of iliac vein and indirect signs of IVCS, such as presence of collateral circulation and the retrograde flow of internal iliac vein were recorded. The cases, which had the same results in CDUS, VET and both and XRV, were divided into IVCS group and non-IVCS group. The results of XRV were taken as the gold standard, the diagnostic efficiency of the above 3 methods in diagnosis of IVCS was calculated. The cases identically diagnosed by the most effective ultrasonic method and XRV were divided into DVT group and non-DVT group according to the deep vein thrombosis in lower limbs. In the non-DVT group, there were five groups of C2-C6 on the basis of the CEAP clinical grades of CVD in lower extremity. The relationship between IVCS and different CEAP clinical grades were analyzed. The locations of common iliac vein stenosis and collateral circulation formation and internal iliac vein reverse flow were evaluated for the diagnosis of the IVCS.Results:①XRV diagnosis of IVCS was used as the gold standard. Compared with CDUS and VET alone, the sensitivity and specificity of CDUS combined with VET was the highest(all P<0.05). ②The distribution of DVT and non-DVT was significantly different in IVCS group and non-IVCS group diagnosed by the CDUS combined with VET(χ 2=145.0, P<0.001). ③In the non-DVT group, statistically significant differences of grades C3 and C5 were found between IVCS group and non-IVCS group(all P<0.05), while the differences of grades C2, C4 and C6 were non-significant(all P>0.05). ④For the proportion of the iliac vein stenosis sites, the prevalence of the primary section of left common iliac vein was much higher than those of the primary section of right common iliac vein and the middle-distal sections of bilateral common iliac veins(all P<0.05). There was no statistical difference between the middle-distal section of bilateral common iliac veins, and nor was bilateral junction area between external iliac vein and common femoral vein(all P>0.05). ⑤In IVCS group, which had the same results of CDUS combined with VET and XRV, there were statistical differences in the positive rate of collateral circulation and the retrograde flow of internal iliac vein(χ 2=6.717, P=0.010), and the former is higher than the latter. Conclusions:CDUS combined with VET has a higher diagnostic efficiency for IVCS than VET or CDUS alone. The presence of IVCS is closely related to DVT of lower extremities, but not related to clinical class of CEAP. The most common site of IVCS is the initial segment of the left common iliac vein. The presence of collateral circulation can be used as indirect indicators for the diagnosis of IVCS.