ABSTRACT
Background: Antenatal care services including supplementary nutrition services are the essential services for reducing maternal mortality. As per National Family Health Survey (NFHS) 4 data, 62% pregnant mothers received supplementary nutrition in Karnataka state and only 49.4% received health and nutrition education. Study was conducted to assess utilization of antenatal services with special reference to supplementary nutrition and advice on nutrition.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among the mothers admitted in obstetrics and gynecology department of Yenepoya Medical College Hospital. All the 140 mothers admitted during August and September 2017 for safe confinement of pregnancy were enrolled in this study and data was collected using semi-structured questionnaire. SPSS software version 22 was used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics was expressed in terms of frequencies and percentages. Chi square test was used to study the factors association with utilization of antenatal services.Results: Of the 140 participants, most of them i.e. 38.6% were in 25-30 years age group. The mean age was 46 years. Only 86 mothers (61.42%) received supplementary nutrition of whom only 53 (37.85%) had consumed it. Utilization of antenatal services was 100% with respect to minimum antenatal visits, routine laboratory investigations and TT immunization. Awareness about Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA) was very poor (5%). Educational status of mother was found to be associated with utilization of supplementary nutrition (p=0.026).Conclusions: Utilization of routine antenatal services was reported to be very good. Efforts should be made to improve utilization about supplementary nutrition and awareness about nutrition education.
ABSTRACT
Background: Research is integral part of post graduate studies. Informed consent is a vital ethical and regulatory requirement for the conduct of biomedical research.Methods: Mixed methods study was carried out from July to August 2017. Cross sectional part constitute quantitative component and forced field analysis (FFA) forms qualitative part. Approval from the institutional ethical committee was obtained. Pre-designed, validated, structured questionnaire was used to gather information from 114 participants about knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) regarding informed consent process. FFA was employed to understand driving and restrictive forces in obtaining informed consent from the research participants.Results: Out of the 114 study participants majority participants were males i.e. 69.3% and pursuing post-graduation in clinical subjects. There is significant association between knowledge (p=0.008), attitude (p=0.032) among postgraduates from clinical and nonclinical departments. Among clinical 51.7% and 48.3% among non-clinical have good knowledge and 67.7% among clinical and 32.3% among non-clinical have good practice. Main driving forces for informed consent process identified during FFP were ICMR guideline for biomedical research, feeling morally right to inform the participants about what the research. Main restrictive force was fear of losing the participant due to signing on informed consent.Conclusions: There is good knowledge among postgraduates about informed consent process however there is scope of improvement in attitude and practice. Ethics training should address how to build trust with research participants and how to overcome the fear of losing the study subject