Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the kidney in a young male: case report and review of literature

Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the kidney is a rare tumor. A total of approximately 79 primary renal cases have been reported to date. Primitive neuroectodermal tumors occur preferentially in the soft-tissues of the paravertebral region and chest wall, less frequently in extremities, with a slight male predominance. We report a case of primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the kidney in a 17-year-old male with a pre-operative diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma-stage 4. The patient underwent radical nephrectomy and histopathological examination revealed a highly aggressive tumor of monotonous sheets of round cells with focal areas of rosette formations and high mitotic rate with Ki67 index of 25-30%. Tumor cells were positive for CD 99 confirming the diagnosis of primitive neuroectodermal tumor. Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the kidney needs to be kept in mind as a differential diagnosis in young adults presenting with a large kidney mass

Epidural Blood Patch Performed for Severe Intracranial Hypotension Following Lumbar Cerebrospinal Fluid Drainage for Intracranial Aneurysm Surgery. Retrospective Series and Literature Review

Intracranial hypotension (IH) can occur following lumbar drainage for clipping of an intracranial aneurysm. We observed 3 cases of IH, which were all successfully treated by epidural blood patch (EBP). Herein, the authors report our cases.

Blood group phenotype frequencies in blood donors from a tertiary care hospital in north India

BACKGROUND: Knowledge about the frequency of red blood cell-antigen phenotypes in a population can be helpful in the creation of a donor data bank for the preparation of indigenous cell panels and for providing antigen-negative compatible blood to patients with multiple alloantibodies. METHODS: ABO and RhD blood grouping was performed on 9,280 continuous voluntary and replacement donors. For other rare blood groups, 508 ACD blood samples were obtained from the donors at the Blood Bank of the Department of Transfusion Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India. Blood group antigens were determined by tube method using anti-sera (Bio-Rad, USA), and the phenotype frequencies were expressed as percentages. RESULTS: Group B (37.39%) was the most common, followed by group O (31.85%). R1R1 and rr were the most common phenotypes amongst Rh positive and Rh negative groups, respectively. A rare phenotype R2Rz was found in one donor. For Kidd and Duffy blood group systems, Jk (a+b+) and Fy (a+b+) were the most common phenotypes (46.06% and 48.03%, respectively). The most common phenotypes for MNSs, Lu, and Kell blood groups were M+N+, S-s+, Lu (a-b+), and K-k+, respectively. A very rare case of Fy (a-b-) and Jk (a-b-) was found in a single donor. CONCLUSION: This study is the first small step to create a rare donor data bank and to prepare indigenous cell panels to provide compatible blood to all multi-transfused alloimmunized patients.

Blood group phenotype frequencies in blood donors from a tertiary care hospital in north India

BACKGROUND: Knowledge about the frequency of red blood cell-antigen phenotypes in a population can be helpful in the creation of a donor data bank for the preparation of indigenous cell panels and for providing antigen-negative compatible blood to patients with multiple alloantibodies. METHODS: ABO and RhD blood grouping was performed on 9,280 continuous voluntary and replacement donors. For other rare blood groups, 508 ACD blood samples were obtained from the donors at the Blood Bank of the Department of Transfusion Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India. Blood group antigens were determined by tube method using anti-sera (Bio-Rad, USA), and the phenotype frequencies were expressed as percentages. RESULTS: Group B (37.39%) was the most common, followed by group O (31.85%). R1R1 and rr were the most common phenotypes amongst Rh positive and Rh negative groups, respectively. A rare phenotype R2Rz was found in one donor. For Kidd and Duffy blood group systems, Jk (a+b+) and Fy (a+b+) were the most common phenotypes (46.06% and 48.03%, respectively). The most common phenotypes for MNSs, Lu, and Kell blood groups were M+N+, S-s+, Lu (a-b+), and K-k+, respectively. A very rare case of Fy (a-b-) and Jk (a-b-) was found in a single donor. CONCLUSION: This study is the first small step to create a rare donor data bank and to prepare indigenous cell panels to provide compatible blood to all multi-transfused alloimmunized patients.