ABSTRACT
Uterine sarcoma is a rare tumor of mesodermal origin, accounting for 2-6% of uterine malignancies. Leiomyosarcoma [LMS] has been reported in only 1% of all uterine malignancies and is regarded as the most common primary uterine sarcoma. Herein, we present a case of LMS with unusual macroscopic features. The patient was a 61- years-old woman with LMS, which consisted of a large cystic mass [88×136 mm], containing six liters of brownish fluid on the right side of the pelvis and abdomen. The fundus of the uterus was ruptured by the solid part of the tumor. For treatment, total hysterectomy, salpingo-oophorectomy and the optimal resection of tumor were carried out. Overall, the distinctive biological behavior and poor overall survival of uterine sarcoma challenge the post-operative management of this tumor. According to the one-year follow-up, the patient was disease-free. Unfortunately, no further data is available beyond this period
ABSTRACT
Vulvar cancer is a rare gynecological malignancy with mainly lymphatic spread. Sentinel node mapping plays an important role in the management of this gynecological malignancy. In the current study, we reported our experience in sentinel node mapping of vulvar cancer and review the literature accordingly. Since the introduction of sentinel node mapping to the surgical oncology community of our university in 2004, we had two operable vulvar cancer patients who were candidate for sentinel node mapping for inguinal lymph node staging. In the current study, we reported these two cases in details and a brief review of literature on sentinel node mapping in vulvar cancer was done. We specifically discussed the overall accuracy, importance of blue dye injection, learning curve effect, frozen section, excisional biopsy and location of the tumors. Overall sentinel node mapping is a safe and effective method for inguinal lymph node staging in vulvar cancers. In order to perform sentinel node mapping efficiently, paying attention to the details is of utmost importance
ABSTRACT
In the current study we evaluated the incremental value of lateral pelvic lymphoscintigraphy imaging of endometrial or cervical cancer patients who underwent sentinel node mapping. Operable endometrial and cervical cancer patients without clinical or paraclinical evidence of lymph node involvement were included in the study. The day before surgery the patients were sent to the nuclear medicine department for injection of the radiotracer. All patients received two intra-cervical injection of 1 mCi/0.2 cc radiotracer in the 6 and 12 hour locations. 18-24 hours after the radiotracer, lymphoscintigraphy imaging in anterior/posterior and lateral views was done. After induction of anesthesia, 2 mL Methylene blue in two aliquots was injected intra-cervically in the same location as the radiotracers. During operation, any hot and/or blue node was harvested as sentinel nodes. Overall 40 patients were included in the study [30 endometrial and 10 cervical cancers]. Sentinel node visualization was achieved in 30 patients. These sentinel nodes were all visualized on the ANT/POST views. Only in 7 patients sentinel nodes could be visualized on the lateral views. Intra-operative sentinel node detection rate was 38 out of 40 [95%]. Radiotracer detection rate was 37/40 [92.5%] and blue dye detection rate was 17/40 [42.5%]. Anterior/Posterior pelvic lymphoscintigraphy imaging is sufficient for imaging in cervical and endometrial cancer patients undergoing sentinel node mapping. Lateral views can be omitted due to limited valued of these projections
ABSTRACT
Although the etiology of male breast cancer is unclear, hormonal levels may play a role in the development of this disease. It seems that reduced androgen or increased estrogen stimulation can promote the risk of breast cancer in men. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of steroid hormone receptors including estrogen receptor [ER] and progesterone receptor [PR] in Iranian male subjects with breast cancer. This prospective review was conducted on 18 male cases with breast cancer in Omid Hospital, Mashhad, Iran [Oct. 2001-Oct. 2006]. ER and PR were measured by immuno-histochemistry, and clinicopathologic features and family history were obtained via interviews. Data were analyzed with SPSS Version 13, and using descriptive statistics. The median age was 63.2 years, and all cases presented with infiltrating ductal carcinoma. The results revealed a high rate of ER [88.8%] and PR [66.6%] expression. Male breast cancer is significantly more likely to express hormonal receptors in comparison with female breast cancer