ABSTRACT
Short stature is a common problem in children. Short stature occurred due to many causes; these causes may be genetic, environmental or chronic diseases. Diagnosis of short stature could be achieved by two combined ways, physical examination, and laboratory tests. Treatment of short stature depends on the right diagnoses and the causative agent
ABSTRACT
Objective: Thoracic trauma is a common cause of significant morbidity and mortality. The present study presents a series of thoracic trauma and evaluation of epidemiologic features, distribution of pathologies, diagnosis, additional systemic injuries, management and outcome
Materials and Methods: Between May 2016 and April 2017, all patients with thorax trauma admitted to the emergency service of King Abdulaziz hospital were retrospectively reviewed with respect to age, gender, etiological factors, distribution of pathologies, additional systemic injuries, diagnosis, treatment modalities, referral and outcome
Results: A total of 228 patients with thorax trauma were encompassed in the study. Of all the patients, [140] , 61.4% were male and 88 [38.6%] were female. The majority of the patients presented with blunt thoracic trauma [218 of 228 [95.6%]], whereas 10 [4.4%] presented with penetrating injuries. Etiological factors included falls in 158 [69.3%] patients, motor vehicle accidents in 52 [22.8%], animal related accidents in 8 [3.5%] and penetrating injuries in 10 [4.4%]. Among penetrating injuries, 6 [2.6%] were stabbing injuries and 4 [1.8%] were firearm injuries. The patients aged between 16 and 85 [mean 52.2 +/- 16.9] years. The vast majority [69.3%] of the patients aged between 31 and 70 years. Blunt thoracic traumas were observed most frequently in patients aged 51-70 years [36.8%], while penetrating traumas were observed most frequently in those aged 31-50 [32,5%] years
Conclusion: Even though majority of the patients with thorax trauma received treatment as outpatients; thoracic traumas can be a life threatening condition, and should be recognized and treated immediately. Mortality differs based on etiological factors, additional systemic pathologies, capabilities of the hospital especially diagnostic and treatment facilities in emergency services. We believe that a multidisciplinary method to the patients with severe thorax trauma, and the opportunities of emergency bedside thoracotomy in emergency services will significantly decrease the morbidity and mortality
ABSTRACT
Aim of the Study: was to investigate the influence of phacoemulsification on corneal endothelial cells and its injury risk factors in diabetic cataract patients and non-diabetic patients
Methods: Electronic databases were searched: Scopus, EMBASE, and Google Scholer], PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Econlit from 1990 to 2017. This was completed with a manual search of references of relevant papers. Risk of bias in methodology of studies was measured using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale
Results: Observation of corneal endothelial cell density, coefficient of variation and percentage of hexagonal cells preoperatively, 1 day, 1week, 1 and 3 months postoperatively was carried out, and multiple Logistic regression analysis for risk factors of corneal endothelial cell injury was taken
Results: Out of 779 retrieved papers, 9 studies with a total of 1129 individuals were finally included [579 diabetic eyes and 550 non-diabetic eyes]. For the dynamic changes between preoperative and postoperative values, significant differences were identified between the two groups in endothelial cell density [ECD] and hexagon cells [HC%] at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively, in central corneal thickness [CCT] at 1 month postoperatively, and in coefficient variation [CV] at 1 week and 1 month postoperatively. However, no significant differences were observed in CCT at 1 day, 1 week and 3 months postoperatively or in CV at 1 day and 3 months postoperatively
Conclusion: It could be concluded from the current literature that aged-cataract patients with diabetes mellitus manifested poor tolerability to cataract phacoemulsification surgery in contrast to senile cataract patients