Metabolic deficit in rats after low level lead exposure

Male albino rats were injected intraperitonealy with subclinical doses of lead acetate for 50 days to determine any effect on their rate of metabolism. The parameters studied were: 1] The rate of oxygen consumption [Q0[2]] and glucose utilization by cortical brain tissues, liver and kidney slices. b] Liver and kidney function tests viz, SGOT, SGPT and serum creatinine [c] Histopathological examination of the 3 organs to detect any associated damage. The results showed that intraperitoneal injection of rats by the small dose [1 mg] of lead acetate daily for 50 days did not affect significantly all the parameters studied, while marked reduction in Qo[2] and glucose utilization of cortical brain tissues and renal cortical slices and marked increase in serum creatinine, SGOT and SGPT were obtained following injection of the high dose [2 mg daily]. Histopathological examination of the liver, kidney and brain revealed non-specific degeneration which were more apparent on using the higher dose

Clinical and histopathological correlation between pre-operative presumptive and post-operative definitive diagnosis for cases subjected to abdominal hysterectomy

This study was carried on 50 cases of abdominal hysterectomy. Post-operative gross and histopathology was carried out for the specimens received after the operation [uterus, cervix, tubes, and ovaries], and the results were matched with the preoperative clinical diagnosis. The main indications for abdominal hysterectomy were, uterine myoma, dysfunctional uterine bleeding and ovarian masses or cyst. The post operative diagnosis of adenomyosis was recorded in 38% of cases compared to 4% pre-operatively. The endometrial lesion detected post-operatively were, adenomatous hyperplasia without atypia in 20% of cases, cystic glandular hyperplasia [10%] retrogressive endometrial hyperplasia [8%]. Cases with uterine myoma was associated with, follicular cyst of the ovary [18%], adenomyosis [16%], endometrial hyperplasia [8%], and adenocarcinoma [2%]. Post-operative pathological confirmation of cases diagnosed pre-operatively on account of ovarian mass or cyst was found to be, simple serous cyst [43.5%], malignant granulosa cell tumor [14.5%], mucinous cystadenoma [14.5%], tubo ovarian abscess [14.5%]. This makes the past-operative pathological examination as essential step for both the confirmation of the diagnosis and follow up treatment. So whenever hysterectomy is planned for women with dysfunctional uterine bleeding, the abdominal approach should be chosen because the first step in the operation is to make certain that an organic lesion has not been overlooked. Moreover the preoperative perparation of the patient must he carried out in such away as to identify all disorders that might complicate the operation or the convalescence

Gastric mucosal changes in ulcer, chronic gastritis and carcinoma

Gastric biopsy specimens were examined in 34 ulcer cases, 49 chronic gastritis cases and 24 carcinoma cases. Each biopsy was assessed for dysplasia, intestinal metaplasia and atrophy and each variable was scored. Scores of dysplasia were highly significant for carcinoma compared with both ulcer and gastritis, respectively. Intestinal metaplasia scores were significant for carcinoma compared with ulcer. Atrophy scores were significant for carcinoma compared with ulcer. Both metaplasia and atrophy scores did not show asignificant difference between carcinoma and gastritis. Dysplasia was the most significant change associated with carcinoma. It was concluded that dysplasia of gastric mucosa with or without metaplastic and atrophic changes constituted important risk factor in the development of malignancy and its presence justified follow up endoscopy and when convenient surgical intervention