ABSTRACT
Statement of the Problem: Lichen planus is a mucocutaneous disease that is relatively common in middle aged individuals. Some studies have shown that oral lichen planus has a potential to progress to squamous cell carcinoma.p21 is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor that regulates the cell cycle, thus it acts as an inhibitor in cell proliferation
Purpose: This study was aimed to evaluate and compare the immunostaining of p21 [as a proliferation inhibitory factor] in oral lichen planus [OLP] and oral squamous cell carcinoma [OSCC]
Materials and Method: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, p21expression was investigated in 24 samples of oral lichen planus [OLP], 24 samples of oral squamous cell carcinoma [OSCC] and 24 samples of oral epithelial hyperplasia [OEH] by employing immunohistochemical staining
Results: The mean percentage of p21-positive cells in OSCC [54.5 +/- 6.6] was significantly higher than that in OLP [32.8 +/- 6.08] and OEH [9.4 +/- 3.8]. Moreover, OLP samples expressed p21 significantly higher than the OEH. Kruskal Wallis test revealed a statistically significant difference between the groups regarding the intensity of staining [p< 0.001]
Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, the expression of p21 might be related to the potential carcinogenic transformation of lichen planus to SCC. Therefore, continuous follow-up periods for OLP are recommended for diagnosis of the malignant transformations in early stages
ABSTRACT
Disseminated mucormycosis is a rare entity most frequently seen in neutropenic patients with hematologic malignancies, post transplants or in patients on deferoxamine therapy. We report a 64-year-old immunocompetent male with an acute pneumonia and a generalized jaundice who died within 24 h. In the autopsy, extensive perforations of spleen and multiple hemorrhage foci on the pancreas were two significant findings. Histopathological study of tissue sections revealed typical zygomycetes hyphae in the left lung, pancreas, spleen and brain. Involvement of pancreas in this patient was one of the rare features of mucormycosis reported occasionally in the literature. Our case implies an unusual clinical presentation of disseminated mucormycosis and highlights that disseminated mucormycosis should be regarded even in the immunocompetent patients
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Fatal Outcome , Immunocompetence , Mucormycosis/mortality , AutopsyABSTRACT
Vagina like all other mucosal organs owns its especial bacterial/microbial flora. Though may be pathogen in other circumstances, members of vaginal normal flora do not cause disease on healthy vaginal mucosa. In this study, we tried to determine the relationship between microscopic findings on Methenamine silver stained cervicovaginal smears and clinical symptoms. A total of 389 cervicovaginal smears were examined cytologically from April to August 2005, among which 103 satisfactory smears of patients who were normally enstruating were subsequently selected. The originally Papanicolaou-stained smears were stained with Methenamine silver method. The cervicovaginal flora in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients was classified into four groups. The relationship between the type of genital flora and the presence of Candida or Actinomyces spp was also determined. Data were analyzed with SPSS software using Chi-square test. In 103 evaluated patients, 46 [44.7%] were symptomatic and the rest were asymptomatic. The most prevalent genital microbial flora in both symptomatic [21.7%] and asymptomatic [37.9%] patients was type II [Lactobacilli]. Microbial frequency differences were significant for types II [P = 0.034] and III [P = 0.039] in both groups. Coexistence of microbial flora of type I [P = 0.02] and type IV [P = 0.033] with Candida was statistically significant. Coexistence of all types of microbial flora with Actinomyces was not proved significant. Symptomatic women, except those with potential pathogens, tend to have Lactobacillus flora. Therefore, it is advisable that all Lactobacilli types be investigated through microbiological methods in symptomatic patients. In silver stained slides, there was a clear relationship between the type of vaginal microbial flora and the presence of Candida spp