ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim was to assess the peri-implant clinical and radiographic parameters and whole salivary levels of interleukin [IL]-1Beta and IL-6 among type 2 diabetic and nondiabetic patients with and without peri-implantitis
Material and Methods: Ninety-one implants were placed in patients without type 2 diabetes mellitus [39 patients with and 52 patients without peri-implantitis; group 1]. Eighty implants were placed in patients with diabetes [35 patients with and 45 patients without peri-implantitis; group 2]. Peri-implant plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing depth, and marginal bone loss were measured. Unstimulated whole saliva samples were collected and IL-1Beta and IL-6 levels were measured using standard techniques. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant
Results: In group 1, plaque index [p < 0.001], bleeding on probing [p < 0.001], probing depth [p < 0.001], and whole salivary IL-1Beta [p < 0.001] and IL-6 [p < 0.001] levels were significantly higher in patients with peri-implantitis than in those without peri-implantitis. Plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing depth, and marginal bone loss were comparable among all of the patients in group 2. Among patients with peri-implantitis, plaque index [p < 0.001], bleeding on probing [p < 0.001], probing depth [p < 0.001], marginal bone loss [p < 0.001], and whole salivary IL-1â [p < 0.001] and IL-6 [p < 0.001] levels were significantly higher in those with diabetes than in those without diabetes
Conclusion: Among individuals without diabetes, peri-implant plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing depth, marginal bone loss, and whole salivary IL-1 Beta and IL-6 levels were higher among patients with peri-implantitis compared to patients without peri-implantitis. Among patients with diabetes, the severity of the measured parameters appears to be influenced by the glycemic status rather than by peri-implantitis