Quantittative analysis of amount and activity of ficin in Khorasan's fig tree latex retrieved from different organs of tree in different seasons

The fig tree latex has been identified as a rich resource of [ficin] an enzyme protein. This enzyme has a vast application in food substances, pharmaceutical and clinical diagnosis, Fig plant can be harvested well in Khorasan province. To determine optimum organ and season to retrieve latex for different purposes. In this study the measuring of the enzyme activity was based on its effect of casein substrate. Enzymatic activity was compared with st and ard papain solution activity. In this research calcium ion concentration as an enzyme activator was studied. The results show that the activity of the Khorasan native fig latex was 50-100 fold more than papain. The amount and the activity of ficin have been variant in different organs of the tree, and also varied with season. Calcium ion concentrations are also variable in different organs and are also season dependent. There is a relationship between calcium ion concentrations and specific activity of ficin. The optimum season for latex collection is fall and the best organ is the branch ends

Thermodynamics study of binding of oxazepam and flurazepam to Human Serum Albumin [HAS] by spectrophotometery

HSA is the highly water-soluble plasma protein, which is the smallest and most abundant plasma protein in the human body. Oxazepam [O] and Flurazepam [F] include the most frequently prescribed sedative-hypnotic agents. [F] and [O] bind to human serum proteins more than 95%. Investigations show that HSA has an important role as a carrier for diazepins. The interaction of drugs with HSA, which may have important pharmacokinetics implications, has been extensively studied by several workers. The binding of two diazepins [Oxazepam [O] and Flurazepam [F]] to HSA was investigated by means of spectrophotometry. The binding isotherms for interaction of [F] and [O] with HSA at 25 °C shows the variation of v, the average of bound [O] and [F] per HSA molecule, versus log [D]. The corresponding Scatchard plots for these isotherms were driven. They coincide with usual shapes of Scatchard plots and can represent the existence of one binded set. The binding parameters, binding constant and binding capacity of these medicines were obtained from Hill equation. The binding constants of Flurazepam [F] and Oxazepam [O] were determined 0.6 +/- 0.1[xl0[5]] and 1.4 +/- 0.3 [xl0[5]] respectively. The binding capacity of [F] and [O] were computed 1 +/- 0.1 and 1.3 +/- 0.1, and the Hill constant [n[H]] was obtained 4.076 and 2.44 respectively. The results of this study show, spectrophotometry can be a simple and fast technique to determine the binding constant for some ligands.: These values show the binding affinity of [O]is more than [F], on the other hand, the cooperativity of [F]; is higher than [O]. With regards to the amount of K, binding affinity of [O] to HSA is more than [F]. These results can be justified by the amounts of partition coefficient of [O] and [F]