ABSTRACT
Background: Obesity results mainly from changes in diet and physical activity and currently being regarded as a global epidemic. It comes at a cost, affecting physical, social and psychological health and having deleterious impact on psychological development, academic and social performance of an affected child. The aim is to determine the burden of psychosocial disorders among the overweight and obese children in our environment. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study carried out among secondary school children aged 10-18 years in Enugu metropolis. Sampling involved stratified and multi-staged methods. The height and weight of selected subjects were measured and their BMI calculated. An adapted, semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire was used. Information sought included socio-demographics and psychometric measurements. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 19. Analytical test of significance was done using Chi square test at p value of ≤ 0.05. Results: Of 200 students studied, 136 (68%) were females and 64 (32%) were males. Most (157) were in the age range of 10-14 years old. Sixty seven were overweight while 133 were obese with most of the children’s parents belonging to the upper socioeconomic class. One hundred and nineteen of them had one emotional and/or social problem of depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, discrimination and stigma, giving a prevalence rate of 59.5%. Thirty five (54.7%) males and 81 (61.8%) females had at least one emotional and/or social problem (χ2 = 0.905, p = 0.342). Between the children aged 10-14 and 15-18 years, 56.1% and 72.1% respectively experienced at least one psychosocial disorder (χ2 = 3.605, p = 0.058). Emotional and social disorders was commoner among the upper class and difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 6.375, p = 0.041). Conclusion: The burden of emotional disorders among overweight and obese children in Enugu metropolis is high. Socioeconomic class is associated with emotional disorders.
ABSTRACT
Aims: The study was to compare knowledge, practice of Disease Surveillance and notification as well as ascertain factors that influence it among Health care workers in public and private health centres in Enugu state, Nigeria. Study Design: Comparative cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Selected public and private health facilities in Enugu state, Nigeria, between January and March 2013. Methodology: Health Care workers in selected public and private health facilities in southeast Nigeria eligible for voluntary participation were selected and studied. The participants were interviewed using a pretested, interviewer administered, semi-structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 18 and level of significance was at p ≤ 0.05. Results: It was based on 160 HCWs (80 each from public and private). The mean age of HCWs was 41.21±8.54 and 38.68±14.64 for public and private respectively. Females > Males in both groups. Some of the factors associated with type of facility included; correct definition of IDSR (AOR= 2.6, 95% CI: 1.4–5.1), correct knowledge of diseases reported (AOR= 4.1, 95% CI 2.1-8.0), correct place to report to (AOR= 3.7, 95% CI 1.9–7.2), correct form for monthly reporting (AOR= 7.0, 95% CI 3.5–14.0), ever reported occurrence of disease (AOR= 8.5, 95% CI 4.0–18.2), reporting in correct place (AOR= 11.5, 95% CI 1.8–73.6), current availability of forms at facility (AOR= 4.9, 95% CI 2.5–9.5), supervision or data collection visits (AOR= 8.8, 95% CI 4.3–18.1) and regularity of the visits (AOR= 6.4, 95% CI 2.3–17.6). Conclusion: Disease Surveillance and Notification needs to be improved on especially in areas of manpower training and regular supply of forms for efficient Health Management Information System and containment of most diseases ravaging the nation.