Accidental Childhood Poisoning in Enugu; South-East; Nigeria

Background: Accidental childhood poisoning is one of the recognized causes of morbidity and mortality in children under the age of 5 years worldwide. The prevalence and type of substance ingested vary from place to place and over time.Aim: This study was conducted with the aim of ascertaining the frequency and pattern of accidental childhood poisoning in Enugu.Subjects and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at the Emergency Paediatric Unit of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, South­East, Nigeria from January 2003 to December 2012 (10 years). All the cases of childhood accidental poisoning that presented within the period were reviewed and important information extracted.Results: Sixty­five cases of childhood poisoning were recorded during the 10­year period, giving an incidence rate of 442 per 100,000 children. The mean age was 22.15 ± 11.7 months. Male:female ratio was 1.5:1. The prevalence was higher among those with low socioeconomic background. Kerosene poisoning was the most common agent. The overall mortality rate was 3.1% (2/65).Conclusion: Accidental childhood poisoning is common in Enugu, with appreciable mortality, with kerosene being the most common agent. We advocate regulatory policy on proper ways of storing kerosene and other harmful household chemicals and medications

Nocturnal Enuresis among School-age Children in South-eastern Nigeria: A Concealed Social Malaise.

Background: We describe the pattern of nocturnal enuresis among school–age children in South-eastern Nigerian. Methods: A total sample size of 245 pupils was selected for the purpose of this study with age between 6 and 12 years. The Stratified method of sampling was employed to get a sample that represents the population. Selection of the two schools was done based on the cooperation and readiness of the management and parent/guardian to participate in the research. Results: Two hundred and forty five children were enrolled for the study with 151 male (61.6%) while the female children are 94 (38.4%).The prevalence of enuresis was noted to be 22.8%.The prevalence is higher in males (60%) than 39% in females (P value <0.05) with higher incidence in lower socioeconomic background and in children with positive family history of bedwetting in the first degree relative though not significant. Conclusions: The prevalence of nocturnal enuresis in our setting is 22.8%, which is higher than that obtained in various studies elsewhere in the world with a male preponderance. There were strong association between the prevalence of nocturnal enuresis and socioeconomic background.