Admission Glucose Is a Useful Prognostic Factor in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction / 대한내과학회지

BACKGROUND/AIMS: It has been suggested that admission hyperglycemia is associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between admission hyperglycemia and short-long term prognosis in patients with AMI. METHODS: A total of 6,030 AMI patients without a previous history of diabetes were enrolled between Nov. 2005 and Jan. 2008. The patients were divided into three groups according to the levels of admission glucose levels: group I ( or =200 mg/dL, n=777). In-hospital and one-year mortality were compared among three the groups. RESULTS: The mean age was 64.3+/-13.3, 65.9+/-12.7, and 67.7+/-13.0 years in group I, II and III, respectively. The proportion of female gender (23.9%, 29.5%, 35.0%; p<0.001), Killip class III-IV (8.9%, 12.3%, 28.3%; p<0.001), ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (54.6%, 71.5%, 71.7%; p<0.001), and in-hospital mortality (3.5%, 7.5%, 19.7%; p<0.001) increased with higher tertiles of elevated values of initial serum glucose. Hazard ratio (HR) for mortality rate were significantly increased in group II [HR=1.19, 95% confidential interval (Cl) 1.02~1.40, p=0.032], and in group III [HR=1.91, 95% Cl 1.59~2.30, p=0.001], compared with group I. And also significant differences were existed between group II and group III [HR =1.55, 95% Cl 1.27~1.88, p=0.001]. CONCLUSIONS: Admission glucose in patients with AMI provides incremental prognostic value, and significantly correlates with in-hospital and one-year mortalities.

The Effect of Discharge Education Program on Compliance with Sick-Role Behavior in Cerebrovascular Surgery Patients / 성인간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the discharge education program on compliance with the sick role behavior for patients having undergone cerebrovascular surgery. METHOD: Research was done using a posttest only design. The subjects were 60 patients who were admitted to the neurosurgery unit at C.N.U. Hospital in G. City and were divided into the experimental and control groups. The discharge education program were intervened two times in the experimental group by the researcher; the first one was at the time of discharge using a booklet about knowledge related to disease and compliance, and the other one was a telephone education session after a week from discharge. Data were collected two times by interview and telephone using questionnaires from January 19, to June 10, 2000. The first one was at hospital before discharge, and the other one was one month later from discharge. Data were analysed by chi-square, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation. RESULTS: The experimental group showed a higher score of compliance(t=2.772, p=.008) than those of the control group, but knowledge about CVD was not significant between the two groups(p>.05). CONCLUSION: The discharge education program was effective on the compliance of the patients having undergone cerebrovascular surgery.

Effects of Aerobic Exercise Using a Flex-band on Physical Functions & Body Image in Women Undergoing Radiation Therapy after a Mastectomy / 간호학회지

PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of aerobic exercise using a flex band on the improvement of physical functions & body image in breast cancer women undergoing radiation therapy after a mastectomy. METHOD: Women with breast cancer(n = 26) were assigned to an experimental group(EG, n = 15) and control group(CG, n = 11). The E.G. participated in an aerobic exercise program with a 60% to 80% intensity of maximal heart rate for 25 minutes during the main exercise, 3 times per week, for 6 weeks. The EG did not exercise regularly for 3 months before participating in this program. The CG received no exercise treatment during the research period. Data were analyzed using the chi-square-test and Mann-Whitney U test by the SPSS version 11.0 program at a 5% significant level. RESULTS: Group analysis revealed that the EGwomen had significantly more improved cardiopulmonary functions, ROM of the affected shoulder joint, and body image compared to the CG. CONCLUSION: Aerobic exercise using a flex band may be an effective rehabilitative measure for mastectomy women with respect to cardio-pulmonary functions, ROM, & body image. Further studies are recommended to study early rehabilitation programs within 10 days post-operatively.

Model Development of an Elderly Health Promotion Center: The Effect of a Social Support Program at a Community Health Center / 간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to develop a model of an elderly health promotion center after witnessing the effect of a social support program on dependent variables in older adults at a local community health center. METHOD: The subjects were 60 female adults over 65 years dwelling in a rural area, and they were divided into experimental and control groups each with 30 people. A social support program was implemented 6 hours a day, 3 times a week, for 4 months in the experimental group. Included was health assessment, health education, counseling, consultation, exercise, physical & occupational therapy, primary care, recreation, lunch & transfer service. Data was collected from May 1stto September 14th, 2002 by questionnaires, and analyzed by x2-test, t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression using SAS. RESULT: The social support program in the elderly was very effective on all dependent variables of physical health (t= 4.68, p= .001), health knowledge (t= 3.60, p= .001), life satisfaction (t= 8.65, p= .001), and health promoting behaviors (t= 5.23, p= .001). CONCLUSION: The Social Support Program at a Community Health Center was effective on health promoting behaviors in the elderly.

A Study on Development of Web-Based Learning Program with Multimedia ECG Monitoring and It's Application / 대한의료정보학회지

The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a web-based learning program with multimedia ECG monitoring for clinical nurses. For this, we compared the self-directed, web-based learning method with the traditional lecture method. A quasiexperimental, nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used, the data from 32 nurses(17 for experimental group and 15 for control group) were collected from October 1 to November 30, 2001, and analysed by SPSS program with x2 test, ttest, ANCOVA. The results were as follows : 1) There was significant improvement in the score on learning achievement of the experimental group compared with that of the control group(t=-2.739, p=.010). 2) There was no significant difference between the groups in learning motivation(t=-.054, p=.4785). In conclusion, it is suggested that a higher learning achievement was achieved in self-directed, web-based learning than in the traditional classroom style learning. There was also evidence that two educational styles had same effect in creating motivation. We propose to utilize a self-directed, web-based leaning method as a means to continue life-long education for nurses on a rotational duty system.

How Long the Effect of Social Support Would Be Continued for the Patients with Hypertension? / 성인간호학회지

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of social support revealed in the time duration of sick role behavior compliance on the patients with hypertension using Quasi- experimental research design. Data collection was made through the interview survey technique from the hypertensive patients who received social support intervention (experimental group, n=41) and from those who were not exposed to the intervention(control group, n= 34). The subjects were registered in the cardiovascular outpatient clinic at the Chonnam National University Hospital from June 3, 1996 to November 30, 1997. X2-test or t- test, Repeated measures ANOVA were utilized in the data analysis. The results were as follows: 1. The effect of social support intervention on sick role behavior compliance was significant in 1 month(F=69.17, p=.000), 6 months (F=11.51, p=.001), and 12 months(F=.07, p=.789) and between two groups(1 month; F=153.70, p=.000, 6 months; F=13.94, p=.000, 12 months; F=6.72, p= .011). 2. The effect of social support intervention on blood pressure was not significant through all the periods of time (F=1.21, p=.274) between the two groups(F=.12, p=.732). In conclusion, it was showed that social support had an effect on sick role behavior compliance and the effect of social support continued for twelve months(F= 10.03, p=.002) However, the score of compliance tends to decrease after 6 months of intervention. Therefore, this study indicated that social support re-intervention would be needed between six and twelve months.

A Survey on the Delay Time Before Seeking Treatment and Clinical Symptoms in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction / 간호학회지

Many patients of acute myocardial infarction showed delay time before seeking treatment although they needed immediate thrombolytic therapy once they perceived their symptoms. The objectives of this study were to identify the relationship between clinical symptoms and the delay, and to find the time spent before seeking the treatment. This study was a retrospective research. The delay time for the treatment consisted of the length of delay from symptom onset to patients' decision (T1), from patients' decision making to finding transportation (T2), and from taking transportation to the first hospital arrival(T3). The subjects were 89 patients who were admitted in the ICU and Cardiac Ward at Chonnam University Hospital with the first attack of acute myocardial infarction. The data was collected for three months from March 1st to May 31st of 1998 through questionnaires and reviewing patients' charts: The chart information was suppled by two nurses working at the ICU and Cardiac Ward. The data was analyzed by using frequency, mean and ANOVA through the SAS program. The results of study summarized as follows: 1. Sixty two patients (69.7%) were male and twenty seven patients (30.3%) were female, the ratio of male to female was 2.3 : 1. 2. In daily life, the 70.8% of the patients felt chest pain and discomfort fatigue in 67.4%, dyspnea in 57.3%, and pain in arm, neck, and jaw in 52.8%. During the attack, 97.8% of the patients felt chest pain and discomfort dyspnea in 82.1%, pain in arm, neck, jaw in 67.4% and perspiration in 51.7%. 3. The length of time a patient spent seeking time for treatment (T1+T2+T3) was 94.6 minutes, in which the time for patients' decision making for treatment (T1) was 70.3 minutes, time for finding transportation (T2) was 8.2 minutes, and time for the transportation of the patient to the first hospital (T3) was 16.1 minutes. Time for patients' decision making to go to a hospital(T1) was 74.2% of the total time sought for treatment.

A Survey on the Delay Time Before Seeking Treatment and Clinical Symptoms in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction / 간호학회지

Many patients of acute myocardial infarction showed delay time before seeking treatment although they needed immediate thrombolytic therapy once they perceived their symptoms. The objectives of this study were to identify the relationship between clinical symptoms and the delay, and to find the time spent before seeking the treatment. This study was a retrospective research. The delay time for the treatment consisted of the length of delay from symptom onset to patients' decision (T1), from patients' decision making to finding transportation (T2), and from taking transportation to the first hospital arrival(T3). The subjects were 89 patients who were admitted in the ICU and Cardiac Ward at Chonnam University Hospital with the first attack of acute myocardial infarction. The data was collected for three months from March 1st to May 31st of 1998 through questionnaires and reviewing patients' charts: The chart information was suppled by two nurses working at the ICU and Cardiac Ward. The data was analyzed by using frequency, mean and ANOVA through the SAS program. The results of study summarized as follows: 1. Sixty two patients (69.7%) were male and twenty seven patients (30.3%) were female, the ratio of male to female was 2.3 : 1. 2. In daily life, the 70.8% of the patients felt chest pain and discomfort fatigue in 67.4%, dyspnea in 57.3%, and pain in arm, neck, and jaw in 52.8%. During the attack, 97.8% of the patients felt chest pain and discomfort dyspnea in 82.1%, pain in arm, neck, jaw in 67.4% and perspiration in 51.7%. 3. The length of time a patient spent seeking time for treatment (T1+T2+T3) was 94.6 minutes, in which the time for patients' decision making for treatment (T1) was 70.3 minutes, time for finding transportation (T2) was 8.2 minutes, and time for the transportation of the patient to the first hospital (T3) was 16.1 minutes. Time for patients' decision making to go to a hospital(T1) was 74.2% of the total time sought for treatment.

A survey on Patients' Compliance with Follow-up Coronary Angiogram after Coronary Intervention / 성인간호학회지

Coronary intervention is now a well established method for the treatment of coronary artery disease. Coronary restenosis is one of the major limitations after coronary intervention. So medical teams advise the patients to get the follow-up coronary angiogram in 6 months after coronary intervention to know if the coronary artery stenosis recurs or not. This study was done in order to know how many patients complied with the advice, and to identify the relative factors to the compliance with getting the follow-up coronary angiogram. The subjects were 101 patients (male: 58 female: 22, mean age: 61+/-15), who received coronary interventions from Jan. 1st to Mar. 31st 1997, and their data were collected from them by questionnaires one year after intervention. The questionnaires consisted of family support scale, self efficacy scale and compliance with sick role behavior scale. The result may be summarized as follows. 1. The number of patients who complied with getting the follow-up coronary angiogram were 37 people(36.6%) and did not comply with it were 64 people(63.4%). All scores of family support(t=5.56, p.05). 2. The major motivations for getting follow-up coronary angiogram were recurrence of subjective symptom(40.5%), the advice of medical team(32.4%), and fear of recurrence (27.1%). The restenosis rate in patients who got the follow-up coronary angiogram was 37.8%. 3.The restenosis rate was higher in the patients who had subjective symptoms than in those who did not have any subjective symptom. So subjective symptom and restenosis rate showed a high positive correlation(r=39.9, p<.001). However, 27.2% of the patients who did not have any subjective symptom showed coronary restenosis. 4. The reasons why they did not get the follow-up coronary angiogram were economic burden(37.5%), improved symptom(34.4%), busy life schedule(10.9%), fear of invasive procedure(9.4%), negative reaction of family member(3.1%), no helper for patient(3.1%) and worry about medical team's mistake (1.6%). The relative fators on compliance with getting the follow-up coronary angiogram after coronary intervention were family support, self-efficacy and Compliance with sick role behavior. And the most important reason why the patients did not get the follow-up coronary angiogram after coronary intervention was an economic burden.

The Effect of Social Support on Compliance with Sick Role Behavior in Hypertensive Clients and Duration of the Effect for up to 6 months / 간호학회지

This study was done using a Quasi-experimental research design to determine the effects of social support on compliance with sick role behavior in hypertensive patients and to know if the effect of the social support on compliance lasted for at least 6 months. The subjects consisted of 81 hypertensive patients who were registered in the Cardio-Vascular OPD at Chonnam National University Hospital. They were divided by random sampling into 42 people for the experimental group and 39 for the control group. Data were gathered from June 3, 1996 to June 10, 1997 through individual interviews using a structured questionnaire. The results of the study were summarized as follows : 1. Compliance with sick role behaviors in hypertensive clients was significantly increased in the experimental group who received social support from the nurse as compared to the control group who did not receive social support(t=15.99, p.05). Finally, social support was effective on compliance with sick role behaviors and stopping smoking in the hypertensive clients, and the effect of social support on compliance lasted for 6 months.

The Effect of Social Support on Compliance with Sick-Role Behaviors in Hypertensive Clients / 성인간호학회지

This study was done through Quasi-experimental research in order to determine the effect of social support on compliance with sick role behaviors and blood pressure in hypertensive clients. This study was done through Quasi-experimental research in order to determine the effect of social support on compliance with sick role behaviors and blood pressure in hypertensive clients. The subjects consisted of 88 hypertensive clients who were registered at Cardio-Vascular OPD in Chonnam University Hospital. They were devided to 43 people of experimental group and 45 of control group by the random sampling. The results of the study may be summarized as follows. 1. Compliance with sick role behaviors of the hypertensive clients was significantly increased in experimental group who received the social support from the nurse than control group who did not receive it(t=16.307, p<.0001). 2. The difference mean of blood pressure before and after intervention of the social support did not show the significant differences between experimental and control group(p<.05). 3. Four of the six people stopped smoking in experimental group after intervention of the social support, but there was not any of the five in control group. Fisher's Exact test told the significant differences between experimental and control group(x2=4.385, p<.05). Finally, the social support was effective on compliance with sick role behaviors and a stop smoking in the hypertensive clients.