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Pediatr. (Asunción) ; 46(1): 20-25, Enero-Abril 2019.
Article in Spanish, English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1022147

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La desnutrición en pacientes con Parálisis cerebral infantil (PC) aumenta la morbimortalidad, generando alta demanda económica al estado y la familia. Objetivo: Describir estado nutricional de niños con PC. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo con componente analítico, prospectivo. Fueron incluidos niños de 0-18 años con PC que acudieron al Departamento de Neurología en setiembre y octubre del 2017. Variables: edad, sexo, antecedentes perinatales de Riesgo, antecedentes de infección del sistema nervioso central, estado nutricional, talla, perímetro cefálico, grado de discapacidad motora, vía de alimentación, trastornos relacionados a la alimentación, síntomas asociados a reflujo gastroesofágico. Los datos fueron analizados en SPSSv21, utilizando estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Protocolo aprobado por el Comité de Investigación y Ética institucional, con consentimiento informado. Resultados: se incluyeron 42 pacientes. La mediana de edad fue 5 años. Predominio de sexo femenino: 52,4% (22/42). El 83,3%(35/42) tenía antecedentes perinatales de riesgo (80% encefalopatía hipóxico-isquémica); antecedentes de infección del sistema nervioso central 9.5%(4/42); se encontró desnutrición en 35,7% (15/42); alteración de talla 76,2%; todos los lactantes tenían alterado el perímetro cefálico; discapacidad motora Grado 4 en 61,9%(26/42); se alimentaban por vía oral: 78,6%(36/42); tenían trastornos de alimentación, 36/42; síntomas asociados a reflujo gastroesofágico 69%; se relacionó desnutrición con grado de discapacidad y se encontró diferencia significativa, sobretodo con Grado 4 (p<0,005); en relación al grado de discapacidad, trastornos de alimentación y síntomas de reflujo gastroesofágico, se encontró diferencia significativa con mayores grados de discapacidad. Conclusiones: La frecuencia de desnutrición fue 35,7%. El estado nutricional se relacionó con el grado de discapacidad motora.


Introduction: Malnutrition in patients with infantile cerebral palsy (CP) increases morbidity and mortality, generating a high economic burden on he state and the family. Objective: To describe the nutritional status of children with CP. Materials and Methods: This was an observational, descriptive study with analytical and prospective components. Children aged 0-18 years with CP, who consulted at the Department of Neurology in September and October 2017, were included. Variables: age, sex, perinatal risk history, history of central nervous system infection, nutritional status, height, head circumference, degree of motor disability, food intake route, eating-related disorders, and symptoms associated with gastroesophageal reflux. The data were analyzed in SPSSv21, using descriptive and inferential statistics. The protocol was approved by the Institutional Research and Ethics Committee, and we obtained informed consent. Results: 42 patients were included. The median age was 5 years, the subjects were predominantly female: 52.4% (22/42). 83.3% (35/42) had a perinatal risk history, (80% hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy); a history of central nervous system infection was noted in 9.5% (4/42); malnutrition was found in 35.7% (15/42); height alteration was found in 76.2%; all infants had alterations in their head circumference measurements; motor impairment Grade 4 was noted in 61.9% (26/42); oral feeding was noted in 78.6% (36/42); 36/42 had eating-related disorders; 69% had symptoms associated with gastroesophageal reflux; malnutrition was related to degree of disability and a significant difference was found, especially with Grade 4 (p <0.005); regarding degree of disability, eating-related disorders and gastroesophageal reflux symptoms, we found significant associations with higher degrees of disability. Conclusions: The frequency of malnutrition was 35.7%. The nutritional status was related to the degree of motor disability.

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