ABSTRACT
Introduction: Phenylhydrazine has been used in many studies to evaluate its modulatory effects in various biochemical parameters in whole blood and red blood cell lysate. Jatropha tanjorensis Euphorbiaceae have high antioxidants properties; its leaves phytochemical analysis shows the presence of flavonoids, tanins, terpenoids, saponis. This study investigated the ameliorative effects of Jatropha tanjorensis Euphorbiaceae on phenylhydrazine induced haematological alterations in albino Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Wistar rats of both sexes (180-200g) were divided into 4 groups (n=5). Group 1 received rat chow; Group 2 received (200 mg/kg) of J. tanjorensis orally. Group 3 received phenylhydrazine only (10 mg/kg). Group 4 received phenylhydrazine (10 mg/kg) + J. tanjorensis (250 mg/kg). All animals were allowed free access to clean drinking water and normal rat chow ad libitum for 35 days. After which animals were sacrificed and blood samples collected for biochemical analysis. Results: Results obtained showed that phenylhydrazine induced normochromic anemia with significant increase in white blood cell count, and neutrophil counts, eosinophils (insignificant) count with a significant reduction in lymphocyte count. However, J. tanjorensis extract reversed the adverse haematological changes induced by phenylhydrazine. Conclusion: In conclusion, Jatropha tanjorensis Euphorbiaceae demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-thrombotic effects and reversed the haematological alterations brought upon by phenylhydrazine administration.
ABSTRACT
Background: Premarital screening is fast gaining grounds as a pre-requisite condition for the solemnization of holy matrimony by many faith based organizations in Nigeria yet there is scanty literature on the subject.Methods: Fifty (50) premarital heterosexual couples (50 males and 50 females) were screened for the presence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); haemoglobin genotypes; ABO and Rh blood groups using standard laboratory procedures.Results:The prevalence of HIV in this study was found to be 2.0. The frequencies of the haemoglobin genotypes were as follows; HbAA (72); HbAS (26) and HbAC (2.0) while that of ABO and Rh blood groups were: group A (22); B (14); AB (0); 0 (64); Rh 'D' Positive (96) and Rh 'D' Negative (4.0). The distribution of these variables between the sexes was statistically significant. (?2 = 21.630; p 0.01). The frequencies of the haemoglobin genotype combinations of the intending couples were as follows; HbAA/AA (52); AA/AS (36); AA/AC (4.0) and AS/AS (8.0). This distribution pattern was also found to be highly statistically significant (? 2