ABSTRACT
The present study examines the effect of noise which is a type of stress on the different layers of the adrenal gland. Sixteen adult white rats; both males and females weighting 200-250 gm were used. The animals were divided into two groups eight rats each, the first group was used as a control, the second group was exposed to sound six hours daily for ten days. Then the animals were killed and the suprarenal glands were extracted. Samples of about 1 cm thickness were taken from the adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla. The samples were prepared for electron microscope study. It was found that the noise induced significant changes in the cortex in the form of degenerative changes of some cells in zona glomerulosa. Also the zona fasiculata showed dilatation of the cristea of the mitochondria also the zona reticularis showed some dilatation of crestea of mitochondria and degeneration of some cells but the most significant changes after noise exposure were present in the medulla where the catecholamine granules were markedly decreased after releasing from the medulla, also it showed vacuolation in the cytoplasm and degenerated of its mitochondria The aim of this study was to know the effect of noise on the ultrastructural of the adrenal gland
ABSTRACT
Ethanol is one of the most common materials used. It is widely used either in drugs or as a drink. In this study fourteen white adult rats were used, they divided into two groups. The first group was used as a control and consisted of four rats, the second group consisted of ten rats and given ethanol orally for one month. Ethanol caused damage to the Purkinje cell of the cerebellum either to the cells or to its fibers. Ethanol caused dilatation of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. And vacuolation in the cytoplasm of the Purkinje cell. The myelin sheath showed degeneration. Also there were dilatation of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum in the dendrites. Vacuoles appeared in dendrites and in the axons
ABSTRACT
The effect of tamoxifen on the liver of adult rats was studied by histological, histochemical and ultrastructural studies. Twenty five adult rats, of both sexes, were used in this study. The animals were divided into two groups: The first group [5 animals] was used as a control group and the second group [20 animals] received tamoxifen tablets [40 mg/kg body weight] daily for 3 months. Histological results revealed severe hydropic degeneration in the centrilobular and midzonal areas of the hepatic lobules, cellular infiltration and mild dilatation of some blood sinusoids. The histochemical results revealed marked decrease of succinic dehydrogenase enzyme activity, marked increase of both alkaline and acid phosphatase enzymes activity and marked decrease of DNA contents of the liver cells. Ultrastructural studies revealed some ultrastructural degenerative changes of the cytoplasmic organelles including proliferation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, fragmentation of rough endoplasmic reticulum and degeneration of the mitochondrial matrix. The present study suggested that careful assessment of the risk of chronic tamoxifen administration on the liver function tests should be considered in the prophylactic use of the drug