ABSTRACT
O objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar a divergência genética de 50 clones de batata-doce do Banco de Germoplasma da Universidade Federal do Tocantins com base em marcadores RAPD, bem como verificar o agrupamento gerado a partir dos dados moleculares. No ensaio foram utilizados 50 clones de batata-doce, provenientes do programa de melhoramento genético da UFT. As análises de agrupamento foram feitas utilizando-se índice de similaridade de Jacard através do método hierárquico aglomerativo UPGMA. Foi observada uma elevada variabilidade genética entre os 50 clones. Os 14 primers utilizados produziram 181 bandas, destas, 155 foram polimórficas, onde os primers A17 e A7 foram os mais informativos. A análise das distâncias genéticas mostrou que a menor variação ocorrida foi entre os clones 04.06 e 04.12 e a maior foi entre os clones 100.06 e 114.07. No total, foram formados 22 grupos e, apesar de haver um grau maior de parentesco entre determinados clones, isto é, serem meios-irmãos, alguns apresentaram similaridade menores do que os detectados entre clones não aparentados. Assim, os 50 clones provenientes do Banco de Germoplasma da UFT apresentaram elevada diversidade genética e os marcadores RAPD foram eficientes para revelar tal diversidade.
The aim of this study was to determine the genetic diversity of 50 clones of sweet potato germplasm bank of the Federal University of Tocantins based on RAPD markers, as well as check out the group generated from molecular data. Cluster analyses were made using the Jaccard similarity index and the UPGMA agglomerative method. Observed a high genetic variability among 50 clones. The 14 primers produced 181 bands, of these, 155 were polymorphic, where the primers A17 and A7 were the most informatives. The analysis of genetic distances show that the smallest variation occurred between clones 4.06 and 4.12 and most was between 100.06 and 114.07. In total, 22 groups were formed, and although there is a greater degree of kinship between certain clones, i.e. they have the same mother, some similarity values were lower than those detected between unrelated clones. Thus, 50 clones from the Germplasm Bank of UFT showed high genetic diversity and RAPD markers were efficient to reveal such diversity.
Subject(s)
Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique , Ipomoea batatas , Plant Breeding , Seed Bank , GeneticsABSTRACT
Objectives: The present work evaluates variations of polymorphic [CAG]n repeats present at exon 1 of the AR gene, as well as relative levels of its transcript, in order to investigate associations of these factors with prostatic tumor genesis in the Brazilian male population. Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples from patients with prostate cancer (PCa), benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and from a group of young Brazilian males to determine the number of [CAG]n repeats amplified by PCR. Mutation analysis in this amplified fragment was carried out using the LIS-SSCP technique. Total RNA was extracted from prostatic tissue to evaluate the AR gene transcript levels using semi-quantitative multiplex RT-PCR. Results: CAG length varied from 14 to 30, with an average of 21 repeats for PCa and the male group and 20 for the BPH group. No significant difference was found for [CAG]n polymorphism among the analyzed groups and there was no sporadic change in the amplified portion of the AR gene, nor loss of [CAG]n repeats, demonstrating that these do not contribute to the cancer occurrence. Nevertheless, the positive association between short alleles and TNM pT3 staging may indicate that CAG repeats is associated to PCa progression. The transcriptional levels were significantly increased in PCa than in BPH and were associated with serum PSA levels of 5-10 ng/mL. As diagnostic clinical parameter, the levels of AR gene presented 17-fold higher chance for PCa occurrence, 60% of sensibility and 95% of specificity. Conclusion: The data suggest that the highly miscegenated Brazilian male population presents a high frequency of [CAG]n short repeats, which may be associated with the PCa progression, while AR mRNA levels seems to be a good indicator of the incidence of this pathology, being useful in clinical practice for distinguishing patients with PCa from those with BPH.