Plasma Renin in Women Using and not Using Combined Oral Contraceptive

Abstract Backgroud: Recent studies show that women on combined oral contraceptives (COC) present abnormal fasting lipid profile, increased postprandial lipemia, plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) and blood pressure (BP) compared to women not on combined oral contraceptives. Plasma renin is one of the factors responsible for abnormal BP. Objectives: To assess plasma renin levels in women using or not using COC, the correlation between renin and CRP, as well as divergences in lipid profile. Methods: A cross-sectional study with apparently healthy women aged 20 to 30, eutrophic, irregularly active, and with fasting triglycerides < 150 mg/dL. The sample was stratified into two groups: the No Combined Oral Contraceptive Group (NCOCG), comprised of women who did not use any type of hormone contraceptive, and the Combined Oral Contraceptive Group (COCG) comprised of women on low-dose COC for at least one year. After a 12-hour fast, 5 ml of blood was collected for renin dosing and PCR. Data were analyzed by the t-Test and bidirectional Mann-Whitney Test, both with significance < 0.05. Results: We evaluated 44 women equally distributed between the groups, age 23 ± 1.2 years, BMI 21.0 ± 3.2 kg/m2. Median and interquartile deviation of renin in the NCOCG and the COCG were, respectively, 0.5 (0.1-1.0) and 3.0 (2-6) (p < 0.01). A positive correlation between PCR and renin (p < 0.01 and r = 0.68) was found. Conclusion: The plasma renin levels of women using COC were higher, with a strong correlation with CRP.

Resposta hipotensora pós-exercício físico de alta intensidade não resistido em indivíduos com hipertensão arterial controlada / Hypotensive response after high intensity exercise in subjects with non-weathered controlled hypertension

Introdução: O exercício físico é importante recurso terapêutico no controle dos valores pressóricos de indivíduos com hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS). Segundo as principais diretrizes brasileiras, os exercícios em intensidade moderada são os mais indicados para redução da pressão arterial. Contudo, poucos artigos versam sobre o efeito agudo hipotensor do exercício não resistido de alta intensidade em indivíduos com HAS. Objetivo: Testar a hipótese de que o exercício não resistido de alta intensidade provoca diminuição dos valores pressóricos em indivíduos com HAS. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo analítico no qual foram incluídos indivíduos de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 40 e 65 anos, sedentários com diagnostico de HAS primária crônica controlada. Todos os voluntários foram submetidos a dois testes de Monitorização Ambulatorial da Pressão Arterial (MAPA). Um MAPA basal e sete dias após a um MAPA pós-exercício de alta intensidade intervalado não resistido em esteira ergométrica. Coletados os valores da pressão arterial nos períodos matutino, vespertino, noturno e de sono. Resultados: Avaliados 18 indivíduos, 12 mulheres. Verificadas diferenças significativas (p<0,05) nas médias das pressões arteriais (mmHg) sistólica no período noturno (126 ± 10 versus 122 ± 12); diastólica nos períodos vespertino e noturno (78 ± 9 versus 75 ± 8) (78±8 versus 76±9); e média nos períodos matutino e vespertino (103±8 versus94±9) (97 ± 10 versus 91± 8), respectivamente, da MAPA basal em comparação à MAPA exercício. Conclusão: Neste estudo, uma sessão de exercício físico de alta intensidade não resistido realizado em esteira ergométrica provocou diminuição dos valores das pressões arteriais sistólica, diastólica e média em indivíduos com HAS crônica controlada.

Introduction: Exercise is important therapeutic tool in the control of blood pressure values of patients with systemic hypertension (SH). According to the principal Brazilian guidelines, exercises at moderate intensity are the most suitable for lowering blood pressure. However, little is known about the effects of high-intensity exercise in individuals with hypertension. Objective: To evaluate the acute effect on blood pressure values, the high-intensity exercise in individuals with chronic hypertension controlled primary. Methods: A prospective analytical study in which we included individuals of both sexes, aged between 40 and 65 years with sedentary diagnosis of chronic primary hypertension controlled. All subjects were tested twice Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM). A basal ABPM and seven days after a post-exercise high intensity interval ABPM. Listed the values of blood pressure in the morning, afternoon, night and sleep periods. Results: This study assessed 18 individuals, 12 women. Observed significant differences (p<0.05) in mean systolic blood pressure (mmHg) at night (126 ± 10 versus 122 ± 12); diastolic in the afternoon and evening periods (78 ± 9 versus 75 ± 8) (78 ± 8 versus 76 ± 9); and average in the morning and afternoon (103 ± 8 versus 94 ± 9) (97±10 versus 91 ± 8) respectively of basal MAP compared to exercise ABPM. Conclusion: In this study a session of high-intensity exercise caused a reduction of systolic blood pressure, diastolic and mean in subjects with chronic hypertension controlled.