ABSTRACT
El objetivo de la investigación fue identificar las concentraciones de glucosa plasmática como factor de riesgo en pacientes que presentan síndrome coronario agudo. Se realizó una investigación de tipo explicativa, prospectiva y transversal con una muestra no probabilística intencional de 60 pacientes (grupo A) con diagnóstico de síndrome coronario agudo y 60 pacientes (grupo B) con otras patologías que acudieron al Hospital Central Dr. Urquinaona, Maracaibo, Venezuela. Se evaluaron las concentraciones de glucosa, factores de riesgo y riesgo relativo. La edad promedio del grupo A fue de 69,5 +/ 12,4 años comparado con 65,1 +/ 10,1 años de los pacientes del grupo B (p = ns). Se encontraron diferencias entre los dos grupos con respecto a la frecuencia de antecedentes de hipertensión, antecedentes de diabetes y la presencia de Las concentraciones de glucosa plasmática fueron significativamente más altas en los pacientes con diagnóstico de síndrome coronario agudo que en los controles (p < 0,05). Al considerar el riesgo relativo de cada uno de los factores de riesgo examinados para el síndrome coronario agudo, se encontró que el antecedente de hipertensión (RR 13,571; IC 95%, 3,812 - 48,310), el antecedente de diabetes (RR 9,901; IC 95%, 3,870 - 25,331) y la presencia de hiperglucemia (RR 7,429; IC 95%, 3,253 - 16,994) fueron los considerados significativos para el síndrome. Se concluye que las concentraciones de glucosa plasmática son un factor de riesgo en pacientes que presentan síndrome coronario agudo.
The objective of research was to identify plasma glucose concentrations as a risk factor in patients with acute coronary syndrome. An explicative, prospective and transversal type research was done with an intentional non probabilistic sample of 60 patients (group A) with diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome and 60 patients (group B) with other pathologies who assisted at Hospital Central Dr. Urquinaona, Maracaibo, Venezuela. Glucose concentrations, risk factors and relative risk were evaluated. Mean age of patients in group A was 69.5 +/- 12.4 years old compared with 65.1 +/- 10.1 years old of patients in group B (p = ns). There were found significant differences between both groups in frequency of hypertension history, diabetes history and presence of hyperglycemia at the moment of admission (p < 0.05). Plasma glucose concentrations were higher in patients with diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome than in controls (p < 0.05). When consider relative risk of each risk factor studied in acute coronary syndrome, there was found that hypertension history (RR 13.571; CI 95% 3.812 - 48.310), diabetes history (RR 9.901; CI 95% 3.870 - 25.331) and presence of hyperglycemia at the moment of admission (RR 7.429; IC 95% 3.253 - 16.994) were considered significant for the syndrome. It is concluded that plasma glucose concentrations are a risk factor in patients who presented acute coronary syndrome. concentrations were higher in patients with diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome than in controls (p < 0.05). When consider relative risk of each risk factor studied in acute coronary syndrome, there was found that hypertension history (RR 13.571; CI 95% 3.812 - 48.310), diabetes history (RR 9.901; CI 95% 3.870 - 25.331) and presence of hyperglycemia at the moment of admission (RR 7.429; IC 95% 3.253 - 16.994) were considered significant for the syndrome. It is concluded that plasma glucose concentrations are a risk factor in patients who presented acute coronary syndrome.