Efecto de la técnica de respiración profunda en el nivel de ansiedad en adultos mayores / Effect of the deep breathing technique on the level of anxiety in older adults

Resumen

Introducción: los adultos mayores están expuestos a múltiples factores que pueden ocasionar ansiedad. Existen diversas técnicas psicoafectivas, una de las cuales es la técnica de respiración profunda, que ayudará a los adultos mayores a disminuir su ansiedad.

Objetivo: determinar el efecto de la técnica de respiración profunda en el nivel de ansiedad de los adultos mayores.

Metodología: estudio cuasi experimental en el que se incluyeron adultos mayores de 60 años o más. Se trató de una muestra no probabilística por cuota (96) en la que se incluyeron variables sociodemográficas y de ansiedad. La intervención técnica de respiración profunda y ansiedad se midió a través del instrumento IDARE.

Resultados: el rango de edad predominante fue de 65 a 69 años (29.7%); el género, femenino (74.3%). En la preintervención el 58.1% tuvo ansiedad moderada y 5.4%, grave. En la postintervención 9.5% presentó ansiedad moderada y ningún caso con ansiedad grave. Se observó asociación pre- y postintervención (p = 0.000).

Conclusiones: la respiración profunda como parte de la intervención de enfermera-paciente logró cambios positivos y disminuyó niveles de ansiedad en el adulto mayor.

Abstract

Introduction: Older adults are exposed to multiple factors that can lead to the development of anxiety. There are several psycho-affective techniques, among which is the deep breathing technique, which can be useful to decrease the anxiety in older adults.

Objective: To determine the effect of the deep breathing technique on the level of anxiety in older adults.

Methods: Quasi experimental study which included adults of 60 years or older. The sample was no probabilistic by quota (96), in which socio-demographic and anxiety variables were included. Deep breathing technique and anxiety were measured through the IDARE instrument.

Results: The main range of age was 65 to 69 years (29.7%); 74.3% were women. In the pre-intervention, 58.1% had moderate anxiety and 5.4% severe anxiety; in the post-intervention, 9.5% had moderate anxiety and 0% severe anxiety. We observed an association between pre- and postintervention (p = 0.000).

Conclusions: As a part of the nursing intervention, using the deep breathing technique obtained positive changes, since it decreased anxiety levels in older adults.

Risk Factors for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip in Newborns from Celaya, Guanajuato, Mexico: A Cross Sectional Study.

Aims: To identify the association between potential risk factors with developmental dysplasia of the hip in neonates. Study Design: A cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of the Study: Laboratory of Lifestyle, Division of Health Sciences and Engineering, Campus Celaya Salvatierra, University of Guanajuato Mexico, between June 2014 and February 2015. Methodology: We include 100 newborns, 36 male and 64 females with age between 4 and 28 days old. Data on birth weight, family history of hip dysplasia, obstetric presentation, mode of delivery, swaddling was obtained. The diagnosis of hip dysplasia hip ultrasonography with Graf technique was confirmed. For association Chi squared and p value, for the effect was calculated Odds Ratio and confidence intervals at 95%. Results: It was found that obstetric presentation and swaddling were associated with developmental dysplasia of the hip (p <0.05) with OR of 5.32 and 4.91 respectively, and the association was confounded by area of ​​residence with OR adjusted 2.94. Conclusion: It was conclude that the most important risk factors for developmental dysplasia of the hip in this population were obstetric presentation and excessive swaddling.