Risk factors in cases of spontaneous abortion in Zagazig University Hospitals

The objective of this study was to identify the important risk factors for spontaneous abortion among pregnant women in Zagazig. The study included 204 consecutive women hospitalized for spontaneous abortion from December 1st 2000 till the end of October 2001. A control group of 206 consecutive women who had normal delivery in the same period was also included. The statistical analysis indicated a positive association of age, age at menarche, multigravidity, multiparity, lifting, bending at work and thyroid problems with spontaneous abortion. Excessive smoking and caffeine consumptions, high body mass index and malnutrition were associated with a high risk of spontaneous abortion. Also, a higher risk was associated with marriage to older husband and having an industrial job. Meanwhile, early menarche might be protective

Women health promotion by improving cancer breast identification of risk factors

The objective of the study was to assess women attended to gynaecology, breast clinic, and mammogram unit at Ain Shams University Hospitals to assess the risk factors for detection of breast cancer. The total sample was 470 selected randomly Egyptian women attended the clinics from 15 September 2003 to 15 February 2004 for 6 months. The authors provided them counseling guidelines about steps of health promotion for those women. The mean age X = 35.3 years old with standard deviation [S.D.] +/- 7.1. Most of risk factors appeared in between the diagnosed cases group as 13.3% of cases have early menarche, obesity, positive family history and never lactating, while 26.5% suffered obesity from class II to III and 46.7% of the diagnosed cases were using hormonal contraceptive more than 10 years. The present study recommended guidelines for improving women health through lowering the incidence of cancer breast, decreasing its morbidity and mortality by eliminating risk factors if possible, improving early detection and management. Continued efforts are needed to increase the availability of high-quality mammography and treatment to all segments of the population. Adopting more conserving policies in treating early cancer breast will encourage the population to detect cancer breast earlier