Combined radiofrequency ablation [RFA] and percutaneous acetic acid injection [PAI] versus radiofrequency ablation alone for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC]

Hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC] is one of the most commonly occurring solid tumors worldwide. Percutaneous acetic-acid injection [PAI] and radiofrequency ablation are options for treatment. The aim is to compare the efficacy and safety of combined radiofrequency and acetic acid injection versus radiofrequency alone for ablation of HCC. This study was conducted on 40 patients having HCC. Group 1 [20 patients] was subjected to radiofrequency ablation preceded by intra-tumoral acetic acid injection [RFA+AA]. Group 2 [20 patients was subjected to RFA alone. The procedure was successful in 18 [90%] patients of group 1 and in 15 [75%] of group 2. RFA+ AA are most effective than RFA alone as acetic acid injection may enhance the ablation induced by RFA

Efficacy of transvaginal sonography and transvaginal doppler sonography in diagnosis of abnormal endometrial pathology

To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of a simple non - invasive transvaginal Sonography [TVS] and transvaginal Doppler sonography in the diagnosis of abnormal endometrial pathology compared to the invasive endometrial biopsy. This study was done on 30 patients with abnormal uterine bleeding from Shibin El-Kom teaching hospital, Al-Hussein university hospital and Menofyia university hospital. All of them were in perimenopausal period. The patients underwent TVS for measurement of endometrial thickness and transvaginal Doppler sonography to measure resistance index [RI] and pulsatility index [PI]. Endometrial biopsy had done for all patients and the results were compared. Endometrial thickness exceeding 6 mm was plotted as a cut-off level for suspecting endometrial pathology. At 9.5 mm. thickness the sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma were 100% and 87% respectively. On the other hand the RI of 0.79 carries 100% sensitivity and 91% specificity for diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma, and the PI of 2.1 gives 92% sensitivity and 96% specificity for diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma. Combination of trans-vaginal sonography and Doppler transvaginal sonography posses a high sensitivity and specificity that makes them a clinically useful and applicable single test in prediction of endometrial malignancy in cases of abnormal uterine bleeding

value of routine histopathological examination of products of conception in cases of first trimester spontaneous miscarriage

To evaluate the histopathologic findings relating to tissue samples collected at surgical uterine evacuation in first trimester spontaneous miscarriage. All patients admitted to Obstetrics and Gynecology Departments, Menoufiya University and Shebin Elkom Teaching Hospital with the diagnosis of spontaneous miscarriage underwent surgical evacuation. Histopathological examination was done for the resulting tissue and the results were recorded and compared with the clinical diagnosis before the operation. Histopathological examination revealed the products of conception in 155 patients [94.5%], partial vesicular mole in 5 patients [3.1%], complete mole in 2 patients [1.2%], and 2 patients had ectopic pregnancy [1.2%]. Routine histopathological examination of the products of conception of first trimester spontaneous miscarriage is very valuable as important findings as trophoblastic diseases and ectopic pregnancy can be diagnosed in cases diagnosed before as having spontaneous miscarriage thus saving the lives of these patients