ABSTRACT
The aim of the present study was to assess the diagnostic value of Cyfra 21-1, CA 19-9 and CEA in serum and bile of patients with CCA. The present study was conducted on 20 patients with cholangiocarcinoma [CCA group] diagnosed on clinical and pathological grounds, in addition to 20 cases with benign cholestatic disorder and 20 matched healthy subjects as a control group. Cyfra 2 1-1, CEA and CA 19-9 were measured in serum and bile of patients and in serum of controls. Serum CEA, CA 19-9 and Cyfra 21-1 concentrations were significantly higher in patients with cholangiocarcinoma than patients with benign cholestatic disorder and controls. Moreover, the mean bile .concentrations of CEA, CA 19-9 and Cyfra 21-1 were significantly higher than serum concentrations. The sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of serum and bile Cyfra 21-1 were significantly higher than those obtained using either CEA or CA 19-9. The serum and bile concentrations of CEA, CA 19-9 and Cyfra 21-1 were significantly higher in late stages of CCA in comparison to early stages. The addition of tumor markers CEA, CA l9-9 and Cyfra 21-1 to brush cytology increases its sensitivity in diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma from 44% up to 84%. CEA, CA 19-9 and Cyfra 21-1 measurements in bile are important for the supplementary diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma. Cyfra 21-1 is a superior tumor marker than CEA in diagnosis cholangiocarcinoma. Combining brush cytology with CEA, CA 19-9 and Cyfra 21-1 can raise the diagnostic yield
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Antigens, Neoplasm/blood , Carcinoembryonic Antigen/blood , Bile/immunology , Biomarkers, Tumor/analysisABSTRACT
To explore the role of Schistosoma mansoni infection in the prevention of autoimmune mediated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, the study examined the effects of multiple low doses of the pancreatic islets beta cell toxin, streptozotocin STZ [40 mg/kg] body weight i.p., given eight weeks post infection period of S. mansoni egg deposition on S. mansoni infected C57BL/6J mice in comparison to non-infected STZ given group. G IV was the control group. Mice treated with STZ [G III] became gradually hyperglycemic reaching the highest level on day 17 post STZ. S. Mansoni infection [G II] significantly reduced the elevation in blood glucose levels from day seven post STZ onwards. Morphologic examination of pancreas on day 21 post STZ revealed that the non-infected STZ [G III] given mice had significantly smaller mean islets area and significantly fewer mean number of beta cells/islets. Pancreatic tissue revealed also focal degeneration in the cells of islets of Langerhans in the non-infected STZ given mice [G III] in comparison to the infected STZ given group [G II], which had much less evident cells degeneration