ABSTRACT
Free radicals produced through biochemical processes cause dangerous health problems due to their oxidative effect on cellular proteins and lipids. There is an urgent need for natural antioxidants to be used as therapeutic agents. Streptomyces are known as producers for antioxidants, in this study, two Streptomyces species were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of mangrove tree Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh. The isolates were identified by conventional as well as molecular methods as Streptomyces atrovirens (MS5) and S. labedae (MR15). The ethyl acetate extracts of cell free production broth medium of the two isolates demonstrated potent biological activities against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria and Candida albicans. Moreover, a radical scavenging activity in DPPH assay with significant inhibition percentage of 62 and 78%, respectively, was recorded. The IC50 values were 3000 and 241 ?g/mL (P <0.05) for S.atrovirens (MS5) and S. labedae (MR15), respectively. Streptomyces atrovirens extract showed anticancer activity against hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG-2) and colon carcinoma cells (HCT-116) cell lines with 61 and 50.6%, respectively, while S. labedae (MR15) showed anticancer activity against all the tested cell lines with 92.9 and 85.89% against (HepG-2) and (HCT-116) compared to the control cells and showed selective cytotoxicity. LC-MS/MS analyses revealed the presence of compounds with known antioxidant and anticancer activities such as Gamma Aminobutyric acid (GABA) and Indole-3-carboxyaldehyde, linoleic acid and phenyl chromen-4-one derivative with various intensities.
ABSTRACT
Aim: The present aim is to evaluate the anti-diabetic effect of aqueous extract of guava [Psidium guajava] leaf using rat model of diabetes induced by streptozotocin. In addition, the effect of this extract on liver and kidney functions induced in rat model of diabetes were investigated
Material and Methods: Rats were divided randomly into: control group, rat model of diabetes induced by streptozotocin, rat model of diabetes treated with aqueous extract of guava leaf, rat model of diabetes treated with glibenclamide and rat model of diabetes treated with aqueous extract of guava leaf plus glibenclamide
Result: In the present rat model of diabetes a significant decrease in the serum insulin level and a significant increase in glucose level were detected. Streptozotocin induced a significant increase in the activities of AST, ALT, ALP and a significant increase in the levels of bilirubin, urea, creatinine and uric acid. In addition histopathological and immunological changes were detected in the pancreatic tissue. The present data revealed that aqueous extract of guava leaf improved the reduced insulin level and the high glucose level induced by streptozotocin. This was associated with an improvement in the changes in the liver and kidney functions. Loss of body weight gain induced by streptozotocin was alleviated by guava leaf extract, glibenclamide or both
Conclusion: According to the present findings it could be concluded that the aqueous extract of guava leaf has a potent anti-hyperglycemic effect on rat model of diabetes induced by streptozotocin with hepatic and renal protective effects
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the synergetic effect of an ethanolic extract of Egyptian propolis in immunization of BALB/c mice with Taenia saginata (T. saginata) crude antigen against bovine cysticercosis, with reference to its effects on liver and kidney functions. METHODS: Sixty female mice BALB/c strain weighing 20 to 25 g and 6-8 weeks old were randomly allocated into six groups of ten mice each. Mice in groups 1 and 2 (G1 and G2) were immunized intraperitoneally with 100 μg of T. saginata crude antigen in 100 μL phosphate buffer saline emulsified in Freund's adjuvant. Besides, the mice in G2 were administered with propolis extract simultaneously with immunization. Control mice were either administered with propolis extract (G3) or injected with the same volume of phosphate buffer saline emulsified in Freund's adjuvant (G4). The mice in G5 were non-immunized infected control while, those in G6 were non-immunized non-infected control. Two weeks after the last immunization, each mouse was challenged intraperitoneally with 5 000 oncospheres except those of G6. Ethanolic extract of propolis was prepared at a dose 50 mg/kg body weight. RESULTS: After 24 weeks of challenge, the mice in G2 showed the highest level of protection (100%), with no cyst being detected rather than mice in G1 (33.3% protection). Additionally, the ELISA results, in this study, showed higher antibody titer in G2 with reduction the alteration in liver and kidney functions compared to G1. CONCLUSIONS: Egyptian propolis could increase the level of protection against experimental challenge infection with T. saginata eggs when administered simultaneously with immunization. Furthermore, it could enhance the production of antibodies to immunized antigen and decrease the alteration in liver and kidney functions.
ABSTRACT
A broad range of neoplasms can arise in the nasopharynx derived from epithelial, lymphoid, mesechymal, neurogenic, and rarely from embryonic remnant. These tumours have a long latent period with few primary symptoms which often lead to delay in there diagnosis. This retrospective study was designed for highlighting the challenges involved with the recognition of the nature of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, their classification, and correlation of the available clinical data with histopathological and immunohistochemical diagnosis and the prevalence of EBV infection among the studied cases of NPC. The present work was carried out on 23 cases referred as biopsy from nasopharyngeal tumour to Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine Tanta university, Tanta Cancer center, the private laboratory during the last five years started from January 2002.and ended on December 2006 .Tissue specimens were all obtained by bunch and excision biopsy. Available clinical data were tabulated and analysed. All cases were subjected to routine histopathological examination and immunohistochemical study for EBV-LMP1. In the present study UNPC was more common [69.6%] than keratinizing NPC [30,4%]. The former occurred in younger patient [9/16], meanwhile the latter occurred in older individuals [5/7], NPC was common in male [60.9%] and bimodal distributions of cases were detected. The diagnosis of UNPC in most cases could be established through the presence of atypical epithelial cells and the lack of cytological atypia among reactive lymphocytes, as well as by immunohistochemical examination for EBV-LMP1. In the present study IHC was employed on paraffin embedded specimens of all the studied cases of NPC using of EBV-LMP1 reactivity. Accordingly, it was found that positive strong cytoplasmic and /or membranous immunorectivity for EBV-LMP1 was evident in [69.6%] of the total cases of NPC, while [23.4%] were negative. Positive cases included [57.2%] of keratinizing NPC, and [75%] of UNPC, meanwhile negative immunostaining for EBV-LMP1 was seen in the remaining [42.8%] of keratinizing NPC and the remaining [25%] of UNPC. The overall association of EBV-LMP1 immunoreactivity with NPC was found to be statistically significant with higher percentage of positive association among UNPC cases. Correlation of EBV-LMP1 immunoreactivity with age and .gender among cases of NPC was found to be statistically insignificant