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Objectives: Alcohol use in adolescents is one of the major health problems in many countries.Understanding the extent of the problem andrelated health risk behaviors is necessary to help prevent the associated behaviors andprovide appropriate intervention. This study aimed to identify alcohol use in adolescents and its correlation with others health risk behaviors. Methods: A total of 4372 participants, aged 13-18 years old were enrolled. The data were collected using a two-stage stratified cluster sampling methods from secondary and vocational schools. A web-based questionnaire using the Thai Youth Risk Behavior Survey, modified from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, was administered. Results: The prevalence of lifetime alcohol exposure was 28.32%, of which 815 participants (18.64%) reported current alcohol use. Adolescents with older age (odds ratio, OR=4.93, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 4.15-5.87), male gender (OR = 2.63, 95% CI = 2.23-3.09), and attendance at vocational schools (OR=7.87, 95% CI = 6.66-9.31) were associated with current alcohol use. When adjusted for confounding variables, health risk behaviors including interpersonal violence, cyber bullying, risky sexual behaviors, tobacco and marijuana use, and suicidal behaviors were associated with current alcohol use from the multiple logistic regression (p<0.001). Conclusions: This study shows that a number of adolescents in Northern Thailand are currently using alcohol, and this can influence other health risk behaviors. Efforts to prevent and control alcohol use needs to focus on high-risk groups and among those currently using alcohol.
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Background & Objectives: Febrile seizures are the most common convulsive disorder in children under 5 years old. Among these children, some develop recurrent febrile seizures. The objective of this study was to describe clinical characteristics of children with febrile seizures and to identify risk factors for developing recurrent seizures. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted from January 2004 to December 2013 in Chiang Mai University Hospital. Infants and children between 6 months and 5 years of age who were diagnosed with febrile seizures were included in this study. Clinical characteristics of children and all factors associated with seizure recurrence were extensively reviewed using electronic medical records. Results: There were 335 cases included for analysis. The mean age at onset of febrile seizures was 1.85 ± 0.95 years; 64.78 % were males. Among 261 cases who presented with first episode of febrile seizures, 52 cases (19.92%) developed recurrent febrile seizures. Respiratory tract infections were the most frequent etiology of febrile illnesses. Younger age at onset and family history of febrile seizures were statistically significant predictors of developing recurrent febrile seizures (p = <0.001 and 0.02, respectively). After adjusting the confounding variables, similar findings were found from the multiple logistic regression analysis (p = 0.003 and 0.01 respectively). Conclusion: In this study, younger age at onset of first febrile seizure and family history of febrile seizures were found to increase the risk of the recurrence of febrile seizures.
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Seizures, FebrileABSTRACT
Background Objectives Methods and materials Results ≥ 15, but only 1 childmet the DSM-IV criteria for depression. The prevalence of depression in pediatric malignanciesin this study was 1.59%. By using the multiple linear regression model, none of the variables,including characteristics of patients and their families, type, severity, or duration of illness, wassignifi cantly associated with depression.Conclusions fi cantly associated with depression. Chiang Mai Medical Journal 2010;49(1):19-25.The prevalence of depression in children with malignancies in this study was muchlower than that of previous studies. Neither patient-related nor disease-related factors weresigniThe samples included 63 children with malignancies. The mean age was 12.05±2.35 years.The male: female ratio was 1.1:1. Leukemia and lymphoma were the most common malignancies(66.67%). The mean CDI score was 7.33±4.12. Four children (6.35%) had CDIA cross-sectional study of children aged 7-15, years who were diagnosedwith malignancies at Chiang Mai University Hospital between October 2007 and September 2009,was conducted. Demographic characteristics of patients and their families, details of disease andmanagement, and a semi-structured interview for clinical features were obtained. Children’sDepression Inventory (CDI) was completed by the children themselves. The CDI score of \> 15 wasused for further assessment of depression.To assess the prevalence and determine factors associated with depression in pediatriccancer patients.Malignancies are a major cause of mortality in children. Frequent hospitalization,consequences from illness, and its treatment have great impact on children and their families.
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\ Primary nocturnal enuresis is a common behavioral problem among children. This study was descriptive of 32 children with enuresis in the Behavioral Pediatric Clinic at Chiang Mai University Hospital. The purpose of the study was to review characteris-tics of the children, their families, and outcome of the treatment. The results revealed that enuresis was 8.29% of the total patients in the clinic. The average age was 9.97ฑ2.54 years, with a male to female ratio of 1.3 to 1. Comorbid diagnosis was found in 9 cases (28.8%), which did not contribute to the symptoms of enuresis. A method the family commonly used prior to that of the clinic was waking up their child at night to go to the toilet. Clinical treatment consisted of general counseling for the children and families, motivation encouragement, and behavioral modification by using a star chart and reward system. Medication was considered as an adjunct therapy. There were 19 cases (59.4%) who had remission or improvement. Family concern and the child's motivation were a significant determination of the outcome of treatment. Chiang Mai Med Bull 2003;42(1):1-6.
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Objective The prevalence of pervasive developmental disorders has been reported as increasing. The purpose of the study was to estimate the prevalence of pervasive developmental disorders in preschool children in Chiang Mai. Methods A randomized sample of 1,150 preschool children aged 2-6 years from 6 kindergarten schools in Chiang Mai were enrolled into the study. The study duration was from 1 August 2002 to 30 June 2003. The Pervasive Developmental Disorders Screening Questionnaires were sent to parents through schoolteachers. Children with a score of 13 or higher were contacted and assessed by a developmental pediatrician. The assessment included medical and developmental history, physical examination, behavioral functioning, and developmental assessment.Results Eight hundred and forty of 1,150 questionnaires (73%) were returned to the researchers, of which 618 were available for analysis (54%). Ten children with a score of 13 or higher were contacted for further evaluation, of which 2 were diagnosed with pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified. The prevalence of pervasive developmental disorders was estimated to be at least 2 cases per 618 or approximately 3.2 (95% confidence interval, 0.3-11.6) per 1,000 children. Conclusions The prevalence of pervasive developmental disorders in this study wasrather high when compared to previous reports in the literature, but it was consistent withrecent studies in the United States and Europe. Chiang Mai Med Bull 2005;44(1):29-34.
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Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects many aspects of a child’s life. It impacts not only on the child, but also on parents and siblings, causing disturbances to family functioning. Objective: To evaluate family functioning in the parents of children with ADHD. Methods: Families of children with ADHD and those of comparison controls were administered 2 forms of family functioning questionnaire; the Chulalongkorn Family Inventory (CFI) and general function scale from the McMaster Family Assessment Device (FAD). Both are self-report questionnaires designed to measure how families interact, communicate, and work together. Results: The sample consisted of 44 families of children with ADHD and 45 control families. The mean age of the children was 10.84±2.33 years in the ADHD group and 10.38±2.61 years in the control group. The sociodemographic characteristics were not significantly different between both groups. The families of children with ADHD scored higher at the level of unhealthy functioning than those of controls on the general function scale of the FAD. Whereas, the CFI scores were lower in the families of children with ADHD, reflecting poorer function, especially on the problem solving scale. Conclusion: The family functioning scores of ADHD families were less healthy than those of the control group. Family assessment should be included in the management of ADHD.
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Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects many aspects of a child’s life. It impacts not only on the child, but also on parents and siblings, causing disturbances to family functioning. Objective: To evaluate family functioning in the parents of children with ADHD. Methods: Families of children with ADHD and those of comparison controls were administered 2 forms of family functioning questionnaire; the Chulalongkorn Family Inventory (CFI) and general function scale from the McMaster Family Assessment Device (FAD). Both are self-report questionnaires designed to measure how families interact, communicate, and work together. Results: The sample consisted of 44 families of children with ADHD and 45 control families. The mean age of the children was 10.84±2.33 years in the ADHD group and 10.38±2.61 years in the control group. The sociodemographic characteristics were not significantly different between both groups. The families of children with ADHD scored higher at the level of unhealthy functioning than those of controls on the general function scale of the FAD. Whereas, the CFI scores were lower in the families of children with ADHD, reflecting poorer function, especially on the problem solving scale. Conclusion: The family functioning scores of ADHD families were less healthy than those of the control group. Family assessment should be included in the management of ADHD.