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ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Loxosceles spp are arthropods found worldwide. Its bite may produce cutaneous loxoscelism (necrotic or edematous) or cutaneous-visceral loxoscelism. Depending on their severity and location, cutaneous forms are managed with local cold application and systemic administration of antihistamines, corticosteroids, antibiotics, polymorphonuclear inhibitors, and analgesics. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to report a case of cutaneous loxoscelism and to identify the main dermatological manifestations associated with the Loxosceles spp bite. DESIGN AND SETTING: This case report and literature review was conducted in a Mexican university. METHODS: A detailed report on the medical management of a patient with cutaneous loxoscelism treated at the emergency department of a public hospital was published. Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were searched to identify articles reporting cutaneous loxoscelism. The following keywords were used during the database search: "loxoscelism" OR "spider bite," OR "loxosceles" OR "loxosceles species" OR "loxosceles venom" OR "loxoscelism case report" AND "cutaneous" OR "dermonecrotic arachnidism." RESULTS: A 62-year-old female patient with cutaneous loxoscelism was treated with systemic dapsone and local heparin spray. Eighteen studies with 22 clinical cases were included in this systematic review. Of the 22 patients, 12 (54.5%) were men. L. rufescens was the predominant spider species. CONCLUSIONS: The administration of dapsone and heparin for the management of cutaneous loxoscelism demonstrated success in this case, with no sequelae observed. In general, the literature review indicated favorable outcomes in patients treated with antimicrobials and corticosteroids, with continuous healing of skin lesions. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO ID CRD42023422424 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023422424).
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ABSTRACT Rhodnius prolixus is the most important vector of Trypanosoma cruzi in the northern part of South America. The compound eyes in adults of R. prolixus are involved in the nocturnal flight dispersion from sylvatic environments into human dwellings. During this behavior, the artificial lights play an important role in attracting R. prolixus; however, it is still not clear whether the compound eyes of this species use different visible wavelengths as a cue during active dispersion. We applied electrophysiological (electroretinography or ERG) and behavioral (take-off) experiments in a controlled laboratory setting to determine the spectral sensitivity of the compound eyes and the attraction of R. prolixus adults to discrete visible wavelengths. For the ERG experiments, flashes of 300 ms at wavelengths ranging between 350 and 700 nm at a constant intensity of 3.4 µW/cm2 were tested after adaptation to darkness and to blue and yellow lights. For the behavioral experiments, the adults were exposed to nine visible wavelengths at three different intensities, and their direction of take-off in an experimental arena was established with circular statistics. The ERG results showed peaks of spectral sensitivity at 470-490 nm and 520-550 nm in adults, while behavioral experiments showed attractions to blue, green and red lights, depending on the intensity of the light stimuli. The electrophysiological and behavioral results confirm that R. prolixus adults can detect certain wavelengths in the visible spectrum of light and be attracted to them during take-off.
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ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: In Latin America, liver cancer is one of the top causes of cancer mortality. It is the fifth most common cause of death among malignant tumors in Mexico and is the leading cause in Hidalgo State (43.8% of the population living in poverty). OBJECTIVE: To conduct a correlational analysis on the main risk factors for liver cancer in Hidalgo State, Mexico, including municipal disaggregation and comparison with the national level. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional, correlational, descriptive and comparative epidemiological study using Mexican governmental databases covering 1990-2019. METHODS: A comprehensive review of the databases of the General Directorate of Health Information (DGIS) was performed to analyze official death figures, hospital discharges and national and municipal population projections, using specific search criteria defined in the Global Burden of Disease classification, based on the risk factors for liver cancer. RESULTS: Liver cancer rates showed an evident rise in Hidalgo (183%), moving from 21st place in Mexico in 1990 to 9th place in 2019. This increase was correlated with alcoholism. An increasing trend for liver cancer deaths, of 133.89%, is projected for 2030. Females and the population over 60 years of age are more affected. There are some critical regions with liver cancer death rates twice the national rate or more. CONCLUSION: Targeted effective public health strategies should be structured by identifying, characterizing and regionalizing critical marginalized municipalities that are vulnerable to alcoholism and other risk factors for liver cancer. This approach may be helpful for other states in Mexico or similar countries.
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RESUMEN Desde que se inició su reporte a nivel mundial en 1975 por la Organización Mundial de la Salud, la obesidad se ha comportado como una pandemia. Datos de 2016 muestran que un 13 % del total de la población mundial adulta es obesa. Esta pandemia tiene efectos a nivel sistémico muy conocidos, como hipertensión arterial, diabetes, accidentes cerebrovasculares, enfermedades digestivas, distintos tipos de cáncer, osteoporosis y osteoartritis. También tiene efectos menos investigados y poco conocidos, como el crecimiento de los maxilares, caries y enfermedades periodontales. Existen reportes de los efectos a nivel del tejido óseo que tiene la obesidad, tanto en la osteoblastogénesis como en la osteoclastogénesis; en donde los adipocitos generan alteraciones de los niveles de la hormona leptina, adiponectina y algunas citoquinas, teniendo como resultado la disminución de la masa ósea. Es por todo lo anterior que mediante una revisión bibliográfica en las bases de datos Embase, PubMed, ScienceDirect y SCIELO, utilizando los términos normalizados skull, bone, obesity, growth y las palabras clave en inglés obese, craniofacial, development, morphometry; se encontró que la literatura científica reporta diferentes estudios en personas obesas, en los que se ha demostrado que los individuos en etapa de adolescencia presentan cambios morfológicos específicos, como el aumento de la base anterior de cráneo, longitud de uno o ambos maxilares y aumento en la longitud del cuerpo mandibular.
ABSTRACT Obesity, since its worldwide report in 1975 by the World Health Organization; has behaved like a pandemic. Data from 2016 show that 13 % of the adult world population is obese. This pandemic has well-known systemic effects such as high blood pressure, diabetes, stroke, digestive diseases, various types of cancers, osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. It also has less investigated and little-known effects, such as maxillary growth, caries and periodontal diseases. There are reports of the effects on bone tissue of obesity, both in osteoblastogenesis and in osteoclastogenesis; in which the adipocytes generate alterations in the levels of the hormone leptin, adiponectin and some cytokines, resulting in a decrease in bone mass. It is for all of the above, that through a systematic review in the databases: Embase, PubMed, ScienceDirect and SCIELO; using the normalized terms: skull, bone, obesity, growth; and the key words in English: obese, craniofacial, development, morphometry. It was found that the scientific literature shelters different studies in obese individuals, where it has been shown that individuals in the adolescence stage present specific morphological changes such as increased anterior skull base, length of one or both maxillary and increase on the length of the mandibular body.
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El diagnóstico electrocardiográfico correcto de la causa de una taquicardia de complejo QRS ancho (TCA) es fundamental, ya que tanto el manejo, como el pronóstico del paciente, es diferente según su etiología, y define el estudio que debemos realizar. Numerosos criterios y algoritmos han sido descritos para diferenciar el origen de estas taquicardias. Sin embargo, muchos de estos son complejos y difíciles de aplicar para el médico menos experimentado. Esto es particularmente importante en los servicios de emergencia, donde se necesita una definición rápida que permita un manejo agudo apropiado. En la presente revisión analizamos los diferentes mecanismos de las TCA y los principales criterios diagnósticos en el ECG, reforzando, especialmente, aquellos de aplicación rápida y de alto rendimiento diagnóstico.
The correct electrocardiographic diagnosis of the cause of a wide QRS complex tachycardia (WCT) is essential since both management and prognosis of the patient. The correct electrocardiographic diagnosis of the cause of a wide QRS complex tachycardia (WCT) is essential since both management and prognosis is different according to its etiology and defines the study that we should perform. Numerous criteria and algorithms have been described to differentiate the origin of these tachycardias. However, many of these are complex and difficult to apply to the less experienced doctor. This is particularly important in emergency rooms, where a rapid definition is needed to allow proper therapy. In this review we analyze the different mechanisms of WCT and the main EKG diagnostic criteria, emphasizing those which can be applied rapidly and have high diagnostic value.
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Humans , Tachycardia, Ventricular/diagnosis , Tachycardia/diagnosis , Tachycardia/physiopathology , Algorithms , Tachycardia, Supraventricular/diagnosis , Tachycardia, Supraventricular/physiopathology , Pre-Excitation Syndromes , Bundle-Branch Block , Tachycardia, Ventricular/physiopathology , Diagnosis, Differential , ElectrocardiographyABSTRACT
Abstract Aim: We aimed to evaluate the correlation between the polymorphism of the interleukin 1-Beta (IL1-β, +3954 C>T) and tooth movement, in a group of Colombian patients undergoing surgically accelerated orthodontic tooth movement. Methods: The study was nested to a controlled clinical trial. Blood samples were taken from 11 women and 29 healthy Colombian male volunteers between 18 and 40 years old, after 1 year of starting orthodontic treatment. The patients presented malocclusion class I, with grade II or III. To detect the genetic polymorphism of the nucleotide +3954 C to T in the IL-1β gene, we used a real-time PCR assay. Results: Eleven individuals presented the allele 2 (T) heterozygous with the allele 1 (T/C) and 19 individuals were homozygous for the allele 1 (C/C). When analyzing the presence of the SNP, no significant differences were found in any of the variables. The best treatment was reflected in Group 3 (selective upper and lower alveolar decortication and 3D collagen matrix) and Group 4 (only selective alveolar decortication in the upper arch, with 3D collagen matrix), with 27% and 35% more speed respectively than in the control group. Conclusions: Our analyses indicated that a reduction in the total treatment time can be mostly potentiated by using decortication and collagen matrices and not for the presence of the allele 2 in the IL-1β. Nevertheless, it is important that further studies investigate if the polymorphism could be associated with the speed of tooth movement and analyze the baseline protein levels.
Resumen Objetivo: Evaluar la correlación entre el polimorfismo de la interleucina 1-Beta (IL1-β, +3954 C> T) y el movimiento de los dientes, en un grupo de pacientes colombianos sometidos a un movimiento dental ortodóncico acelerado quirúrgicamente. Métodos: Este fue un estudio secundario derivado de un ensayo clínico aleatorio controlado. Se tomaron muestras de sangre de 11 mujeres y 29 voluntarios varones colombianos sanos entre 18 y 40 años, después de 1 año de comenzar el tratamiento de ortodoncia. Los pacientes presentaron maloclusión clase I, con grado II o III. Para detectar el polimorfismo genético del nucleótido +3954 C a T en el gen IL-1β, se usó un ensayo de PCR en tiempo real. Resultados: 11 individuos presentaron el alelo 2 (T) heterocigoto con el alelo 1 (T / C) y 19 individuos fueron homocigotos para el alelo 1 (C / C). Al analizar la presencia del SNP, no se encontraron diferencias significativas en ninguna de las variables. El mejor tratamiento se reflejó en el Grupo 3 (decorticación alveolar superior e inferior selectiva y matriz de colágeno 3D) y el Grupo 4 (solo decorticación alveolar selectiva en el arco superior, con matriz de colágeno 3D), con un 27% y un 35% más de velocidad, respectivamente, que en el grupo de control. Conclusiones: Los análisis indicaron que una reducción en el tiempo total de tratamiento puede potenciarse principalmente mediante el uso de decorticación y matrices de colágeno y no por la presencia del alelo 2 en la IL-1β. Sin embargo, es importante que otros estudios investiguen si el polimorfismo podría estar asociado con la velocidad del movimiento de los dientes y analizar los niveles de proteína de referencia.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Tooth Movement Techniques/methods , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Interleukin-1beta/genetics , Malocclusion/genetics , Malocclusion/therapy , Time Factors , Colombia , Mechanotransduction, Cellular/physiology , Alleles , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Operative Time , Data Analysis , Heterozygote , Homozygote , Malocclusion/classificationABSTRACT
Objetivo: ofrecer a todo el personal de salud oral un resumen narrativo de la literatura sobre la relación entre el uso de la vitamina D y la COVID-19, a través de la presentación de los beneficios de este suplemento. Se espera aportar a ampliar el conocimiento sobre esta sustancia orgánica, en tanto herramienta profiláctica para la salud de todos. Método: La búsqueda bibliográfica se realizó en las bases de datos PubMed, Cochrane, Science Direct y Ebsco, observando los años 2010 a 2020. Se seleccionaron 65 referencias bibliográficas relacionadas con la vitamina D, sus funciones intra y extra esqueléticas y su posible relación con el SARS-CoV-2; además, se incluyeron estudios que evalúan la deficiencia de vitamina D en el personal de salud. Resultados: la revisión narrativa efectuada demuestra que la deficiencia de vitamina D es frecuente en el personal de salud y que esta deficiencia reduce la actividad defensiva inmunológica. Además, se demuestra que existe suficiente evidencia de la relación entre niveles deficientes de vitamina D en plasma y el riesgo de desarrollar formas severas de COVID-19, especialmente en población susceptible. Conclusiones: se recomienda, tanto al personal de la salud como a los pacientes, el consumo de un suplemento de vitamina D como medida profiláctica.
Objective: to provide the clinicians and dental health staff with relevant information about the role of Vitamin D in connection with COVID-19, presenting the needs, benefits and risks of Vit D supplementation in the doses suggested in literature, to indicate preventive actions and provide patients advice to reduce the consequences of COV ID -19. Method: The bibliographic search was carried out in the PubMed, Cochrane, Science Direct and Ebsco databases, observing the years 2010 to 2020. We selected 65 references related to vitamin D and its intra and extra-skeletal functions, its possible relationship to SARS-CoV-2, and also included studies assessing vitamin D deficiency in health care workers. Results: Vitamin D deficiency is frequent in dental staff and this deficiency reduces the efficiency of immunologic defenses. There is evidence regarding a relationship between vitamin D levels and risk of severe forms of COVID-19. Conclusion: It is recommended the prophylactic use of a Vitamin D supplement for both dentists and dental patients.
Subject(s)
Humans , Vitamin D , Coronavirus Infections , Patients , Self Care , Dentists , Disease PreventionABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Introduction: the aim of this systematic review is to explore the published literature to analyze the relationship between polymorphism of interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β) and orthodontics. Methods: the search strategy developed for Medline, Scopus and Embase was used, verifying search records and selecting articles according to the guidelines set forth by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Two researchers evaluated studies in humans undergoing orthodontic treatment that evaluate IL-1β polymorphism, movement speed and/or root resorption, including clinical trials, case-control studies, cross-sectional studies, and cohort studies, published up to April 2017. Results: of the 123 relevant articles identified, 9 studies published between 2001 and 2016 were included in the detailed analysis. Studies on tooth movement generally agree that there is an increase in IL-1β levels in the first hours after starting the orthodontic treatment. Conclusion: an association of IL-1β polymorphism with external root resorption and tooth movement speed was found.
RESUMEN Introducción: el objetivo de esta revisión sistemática es analizar, a través de la literatura publicada, la relación entre el polimorfismo de la interleuquina 1 beta (IL-1β) y la ortodoncia. Métodos: se aplicó la estrategia de búsqueda desarrollada para Medline, Scopus y Embase y se verificaron los registros de la búsqueda y los artículos seleccionados de acuerdo a los lineamientos de la declaración para Revisiones Sistemáticas y Metaanálisis (PRISMA). Dos investigadores evaluaron los estudios en humanos sometidos a tratamiento de ortodoncia, donde se evalúan el polimorfismo de la IL-1β y la velocidad de movimiento y/o resorción radicular, como ensayos clínicos, estudios de casos y controles, estudios transversales o estudios de cohortes, publicados hasta abril de 2017. Resultados: de los 123 estudios relevantes identificados, 9 de ellos, publicados entre 2001 y 2016, fueron incluidos en el análisis detallado. Los estudios de movimiento dental concuerdan en el aumento de los niveles de IL-1β en las primeras horas de inicio del tratamiento ortodóncico. Conclusión: se encontró asociación del polimorfismo de la IL-1β con la resorción radicular externa y la velocidad de movimiento dental.
Subject(s)
Interleukin-1beta , Orthodontics , Root Resorption , Tooth Movement TechniquesABSTRACT
O artigo apresenta uma conferência em um evento científico sobre transdisciplinaridade, realizado na cidade de Belo Horizonte, em 2018. Recorre-se à experiência, na Colômbia, de um grupo interdisciplinar sobre violências, composto por antropólogos, advogados, cientistas políticos, sociólogos, historiadores e psicanalistas, para mostrar as possibilidades de pesquisas interdisciplinares nas quais se produzem saberes inéditos sobre um objeto compartilhado. Argumenta-se que a participação da psicanálise nesse grupo foi possível devido ao fato de que esta é interdisciplinar, primeiro com Freud e depois com Lacan. Freud, ao encontrar o limite do saber biomédico, recorre à Antropologia, à História e à Literatura, por exemplo, para produzir uma nova teoria. Jacques Lacan utiliza a Linguística, a Antropologia estrutural e a Topologia para propor seus principais operadores teóricos e clínicos. Em síntese, a psicanálise é transdisciplinar desde sua fundação.
This article presents a conference on a scientific event on transdisciplinarity in the city of Belo Horizonte in 2018. The experience of an interdisciplinary group composed by anthropologists, lawyers, political scientists, sociologists, historians and psychoanalysts about violence in Colombia was also approached to show the possibilities of interdisciplinary researches in which unprecedented knowledge about a shared object is produced. It is argued that the participation of psychoanalysis in this group was possible due to the fact that psychoanalysis is interdisciplinary, first with Freud and then with Lacan. Freud, for example, when setting the limit of biomedical knowledge, resorts to anthropology, history, and literature, to produce a new theory. Jacques Lacan uses Linguistics, Structural Anthropology and Topology to propose its main theoretical and clinical operators. In short, psychoanalysis has been transdisciplinary since its foundation.
El artículo presenta una conferencia de un evento científico sobre transdisciplinariedad en la ciudad de Belo Horizonte, en 2018. Se acude a la experiencia, en Colombia, de un grupo interdisciplinario sobre violencias compuesto por antropólogos, abogados, politólogos, sociólogos, historiadores y psicoanalistas para mostrar las posibilidades de investigaciones interdisciplinares en las cuales se produzcan saberes inéditos sobre un objeto compartido. Se argumenta que la participación del psicoanálisis en ese grupo fue posible debido al hecho de que el psicoanálisis es interdisciplinario, primero con Freud y después con Lacan. Freud, al encontrar el límite del saber biomédico, acude a la antropología, a la historia y a la literatura, por ejemplo, para producir una teoría nueva. Jacques Lacan utiliza la lingüística, la antropología estructural y la topología para proponer sus principales operadores teóricos y clínicos. En síntesis, el psicoanálisis es interdisciplinario desde su fundación.
Subject(s)
Interdisciplinary Research , Psychoanalysis , Social SciencesABSTRACT
RESUMEN I: La ganancia excesiva de peso durante la gestación contribuye a un desbalance en el aporte de nutrientes que influyen en la reprogramación de vías moleculares de la organogénesis, aumentando el riesgo de desarrollar anomalías congénitas en el corazón. O: Determinar el efecto de la obesidad materna sobre el patrón de apoptosis en la cardiogénesis tardía. M: Se estableció un modelo de obesidad materna adquirida por dieta de cafetería tipo snack, en ratas Wistar adultas. Las ratas del grupo obeso y del grupo control se aparearon con machos adultos sanos y fueron sacrificadas el día 16.5 de gestación. Los corazones fueron evaluados macroscópicamente y procesados para el estudio de la apoptosis cardíaca mediante la técnica de TUNEL. R: El 25 % de los corazones procedentes de madres obesas presentaron aumento en el tamaño de atrios, ventrículos y tracto de salida. La apoptosis fue menor en los ventrículos de los corazones fetales procedentes de madres obesas vs control (p<0,05). En el atrio derecho la apoptosis fue mayor en los corazones fetales del grupo obeso vs control (p<0,05). De manera importante se observó un aumento significativo en la cantidad de células en apoptosis presentes en el tabique interventricular del grupo control vs el grupo obeso (p <0.000l). C: El proceso de apoptosis se encontró alterado en los corazones fetales que fueron expuestos a condiciones de obesidad materna.
ABSTRACT I: Excessive weight gain during pregnancy contributes to an imbalance in the contribution of nutrients that influences the reprogramming of molecular pathways of organogenesis, increasing the risk of developing congenital anomalies in the heart. O: To determine the effect of maternal obesity on the pattern of apoptosis in late cardiogenesis. M: A model of maternal obesity acquired by snack diet was established in adult Wistar rats. The rats of the obese group and the control group were mated with healthy adult males and were killed on day l6.5 of gestation. The hearts were evaluated macroscopically and processed for the study of cardiac apoptosis using the TUNEL technique. R: 25% of hearts from obese mothers had an increase in the size of atria, ventricles and outflow tract. Apoptosis was lower in the ventricles of fetal hearts from obese mothers vs control (p <0.05). In the right atrium, apoptosis was higher in the fetal hearts of the obese vs control group (p <0.05). Importantly, there was a significant increase in the number of cells in apoptosis present in the interventricular septum of the control group vs the obese group (p <0.000l). C: The process of apoptosis was found altered in fetal hearts that were exposed to conditions of maternal obesity.
RESUMO I: o ganho excessivo de peso durante a gestação contribui a um desequilibrio no aporte de nutrientes que influenciam a reprogramação das vias moleculares da organogênese, aumentando o risco de deselvolvimento de anomalias congênitas no coração. O: determinar o efeito da obesidade materna sobre o padrão de apoptose na cardiogênese tardia. M: estabeleceu-se um modelo de obesidade materna por meio de dieta de lanches tipo snack, em ratos Wistar adultos. Os ratos do grupo obeso e do grupo controle foram acasalados com machos adultos saudáveis, e sacrificados no dia l 6.5 da gestação. Os corações availaram-se macroscopicamente e processaram-se para o estudo da apoptose cardíaca utilizando a técnica do TUNEL. R: 25% dos corações de mães obesas apresentaram aumento do tamanho dos átrios, ventrículos e via de saida. A apoptose foi menor nos ventrículos dos corações fetais de mães obesas vs controle (p <0,05). No átrio direito, a apoptose foi maior nos corações fetais do grupo obeso vs controle (p <0,05). De uma maneira importante, houve um aumento significativo no número de células em apoptose presentes no septo interventricular do grupo controle vs o grupo obeso (p < 0,000l). C: o processo de apoptose encontrou-se alterado em corações fetais que foram expostos a condições de obesidade materna.
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Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Behavioral fever is a response to infections with microorganisms observed in some poikilothermic animals. Rhodnius prolixus is involved in the transmission of two parasites: Trypanosoma cruzi (pathogenic for humans and transmitted in feces) and Trypanosoma rangeli (non-pathogenic for humans, pathogenic for Rhodnius and transmitted by the bite of an infected individual). Only T. rangeli is found in the hemolymph of Rhodnius as it travels to the salivary glands. METHODS: To study vector-parasite interactions, we evaluated possible behavioral fever responses of R. prolixus to intracoelomic inoculation with T. cruzi or T. rangeli. Temperature preferences of fifth-instar nymphs of R. prolixus were evaluated after inoculation with T. rangeli KP1(+), KP1(-), T. cruzi I, or the Trypanosome culture medium. Four different fixed temperatures (25, 30, 35, and 40°C) in two simultaneous experiments (enclosed and free-moving insects) were evaluated. Free-moving insects were marked daily according to their temperature preferences on each of the 15 days after inoculation. Numbers of insects in each temperature shelter and daily mortality were compared with those enclosed shelters of different temperatures. RESULTS: Rhodnius prolixus inoculated with both strains of T. rangeli and with the trypanosome culture medium showed preferences for the lowest temperatures (25°C). However, R. prolixus inoculated with T. cruzi I showed significant preferences for temperatures around 35°C. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first known investigation to demonstrate a behavioral fever response in R. prolixus injected intracoelomically with T. cruzi I.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rhodnius/parasitology , Trypanosoma cruzi/physiology , Fever/veterinary , Host-Parasite Interactions , Insect Vectors/parasitology , Time Factors , Trypanosoma rangeli , Fever/parasitologyABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to describe periodontal effects and treatment time of Periodontally Accelerated Osteogenic Orthodontics (PAOO) and to determine if Deoxypyridinoline could be used as a biochemical marker of bone turnover in patients undergoing PAOO. We compared 5 patients undergoing PAOO (5 males, mean age: 29.6±9.8 years) with 5 control patients undergoing self-ligating orthodontics (5 males, mean age: 28.5±6.3 years). All patients were evaluated using panoramic and lateral x-rays and CBCT and randomly selected in experimental and control groups. Both groups underwent self-ligating orthodontics using Damon Q braces. Only the experimental group underwent PAOO. The patients were evaluated periodontally at T1 (before surgery and orthodontic movement) and T2 (after orthodontic treatment). The total treatment time for the experimental group was 8.2±3.3 months and for the control group was 13.4±7.3 months. There were no differences between T2-T1 periodontal variables in either of the groups. Gingival recession was 0.49±0.26 mm at T1 and 0.42±0.3 mm at T2 in the experimental group. Gingival recession was 0.55±0.31 mm at T1 and 1.19±0.24 mm at T2 in the control group. Deoxypyridinoline urine levels showed great variance between individuals and between groups. There is a reduction in treatment time for patients undergoing PAOO with DAMON Q braces. There is no difference in the periodontal condition between PAOO and conventional orthodontics.
El objetivo de este estudio fue describir los efectos periodontales y el tiempo de tratamiento de ortodoncia osteogénica periodontalmente acelerada (OOPA) y para determinar si desoxipiridinolina podría ser utilizado como un marcador bioquímico de recambio óseo en pacientes sometidos a OOPA. Se estudiaron 5 pacientes sometidos a OOPA (hombres, edad media de 29,6±9,8 años) y 5 pacientes control sometidos a ortodoncia de autoligado (hombres, edad media de 28,5±6,3 años). Todos los pacientes fueron evaluados utilizando radiografías panorámicas y laterales, tomografía computadorizada de haz cónico, y luego distribuidos aleatoriamente en grupos experimentales y de control. Ambos grupos fueron sometidos a la ortodoncia de autoligado utilizando dispositivos ortodónticos Damon Q. Sólo el grupo experimental fue sometido a OOPA. Los pacientes fueron evaluados periodontalmente en T1 (antes de la cirugía y el movimiento de ortodoncia) y T2 (después de un tratamiento de ortodoncia). El tiempo total de tratamiento para el grupo experimental fue de 8,2±3,3 meses y para el grupo control 13,4±7,3 meses. No hubo diferencias entre las variables periodontales T2-T1 en cualquiera de los grupos. La recesión gingival en el grupo experimental fue de 0,49±0,26 mm en T1 y 0,42±0,3 mm en T2. En el grupo control, la recesión gingival fue 0,55±0,31 mm en T1 y 1,19±0,24 mm en T2. Los niveles de desoxipiridinolina en orina mostraron gran variación entre individuos y entre grupos. Hubo una reducción en el tiempo de tratamiento para los pacientes sometidos OOPA con dispositivos ortodónticos Damon Q. No hubo diferencia en la condición periodontal entre pacientes sometidos a OOPA y ortodoncia convencional.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Orthodontics/methods , Osteogenesis/physiology , Tooth Movement Techniques/methods , Biomechanical Phenomena , Pilot Projects , Cortical Bone/surgery , Amino Acids/analysisABSTRACT
Introducción: la notificación de reacciones adversas a medicamentos es una obligación a nivel mundial. Aunque se han establecido muchas metodologías para esta acción, en la actualidad existen problemas. Objetivo: determinar la frecuencia de sospecha de reacciones adversas a la administración de medicamentos en pacientes y comparar la accesibilidad del llenado del formato de la NOM220 de la Secretaría de Salud y la Tarjeta Amarilla propuesta por la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Métodos: estudio transversal y observacional. Participaron 50 médicos responsables de las clínicas de diabetes del Estado de Hidalgo. Inicialmente, los médicos fueron capacitados para identificar las sospechas de reacciones adversas a la administración de medicamentos en los pacientes atendidos. Se realizó un diseño cruzado, en el que el 50 por ciento de los médicos utilizaron por tres meses el formato de la NOM220 y 50 por ciento la Tarjeta Amarilla. Después intercambiaron formatos y los utilizaron durante los tres meses siguientes. Al cabo de este periodo, respondieron un cuestionario para determinar la utilidad, claridad, tiempo de llenado y practicidad de ambos formatos. Se realizó estadística descriptiva y análisis bivariado para determinar los factores asociados a las sospecha de reacciones adversas a medicamentos, con el software SPSS (versión 17). Resultados: se registraron 46 sospechas de reacciones adversas a medicamentos en 46 pacientes con el formato de la NOM220 y 78 sospechas de reacciones adversas a medicamentos con la Tarjeta Amarilla en 78 pacientes. Todas las sospechas de reacciones adversas a la administración de medicamentos fueron tipo A. Los médicos recomiendan la utilización de la Tarjeta Amarilla, consideran claro el formato, sencillo, legible, fácil de llenar, entendible y accesible (p< 0,05). Conclusiones: los resultados permiten proponer la Tarjeta Amarilla como una alternativa más accesible para la notificación de sospechas de reacciones adversas a medicamentos, o se hagan adecuaciones al formato de la NOM220(AU)
Introduction: the reporting of adverse drug reactions is a global obligation. Although many methods have been implemented, there are still problems at present. Objective: to determine the frequency of suspected adverse reactions in patients and to compare the access to filling out the NOM220 formats of the Secretaría de Salud and the Yellow Card suggested by the World Health Organization. Methods: a cross-sectional and observational study was made. Fifty physicians responsible for the diabetes clinics in the state of Hidalgo participated in the study. First, the physicians were trained to identify the suspected adverse drug reactions in their patients. A crossover design was created where 50 percent of physicians used the NOM220 format and 50 percent the Yellow Card. Three months later, they exchanged the formats and used them during the following three months. After this period, questionnaire was administered to determine the usefulness, clarity, filling out time and convenience of the formats. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses were applied to determine the factors associated with the suspected adverse drug reactions with SPSS software (version 17). Results: a total of 46 suspected adverse reactions were registered in 46 patients using NOM220 format and 78 with the Yellow Card in 78 patients. All the suspected adverse reactions were type A. The physicians recommended the use of Yellow Card since they considered that it is practical, simple, readable, understandable, accessible and requires less time to fill it out (p< 0.05). Conclusions: the results allow selecting the Yellow Card as the most accessible choice for reporting suspected drug adverse reactions; additionally, they suggest that adjustments should be also made in the NOM220 format(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Diabetes Mellitus/ethnology , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/epidemiology , Pharmacovigilance , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prospective Studies , Observational Study , MexicoABSTRACT
Recientemente se ha puesto más atención en todo el mundo a las conmociones cerebrales que ocurren durante la práctica del deporte, a nivel escolar, amateur o profesional. La conmoción cerebral se define como una alteración repentina y transitoria en la conciencia inducida por fuerzas biomecánicas traumáticas de transmisión directa o indirectamente al cerebro. Este tipo de lesiones ocurren más comúnmente en deportes de contacto, como el boxeo, el fútbol americano y el soccer, luchas, hockey, entre otros. Se debe sospechar conmoción cerebral en cualquier deportista que sufra un traumatismo craneoencefálico, haya perdido o no el estado de conciencia. Estos deportistas, no deben regresar a la práctica deportiva de manera inmediata, y se recomiendan unos días de descanso mental y físico, para su total recuperación. Se deben evitar los traumatismos en la cabeza de manera repetitiva, ya que existe evidencia que en algunos deportistas puede producir un estado de encefalopatía traumática crónica. En la presente revisión se abordan las diferentes definiciones de conmoción cerebral, su manejo y sus consecuencias a largo plazo. Asimismo, se anexa la versión en español de la herramienta de evaluación de conmoción, Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 2 (SCAT2).
Recently, there has been increased attention to concussions that occur during sports activities, both at school level or amateur and professional level. Concussion is defined as a sudden and transient alteration of consciousness induced by traumatic biomechanical forces transmitted directly or indirectly to the brain. Such injuries most commonly occur in contact sports such as boxing, football, soccer, wrestling, hockey, among others. Concussion should be suspected in any athlete who suffers a head injury, whether or not it is associated to loss of consciousness. These athletes should not return to their sports activities immediately, and a few days of mental and physical leave are recommended in order to ensure full recovery. Repeat head injuries should be avoided, since there is evidence that in some athletes they can lead to chronic traumatic encephalopathy. The present review focuses on the different definitions of concussion, management and long-term consequences. It also contains the Spanish version of the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 2 (SCAT2).
Subject(s)
Humans , Brain Concussion/diagnosis , Brain Concussion/etiology , Brain Concussion/therapy , Sports , Craniocerebral Trauma/complications , Brain Concussion/complications , Brain Concussion/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Signs and Symptoms , Trauma Severity Indices , Brain Injury, Chronic/etiology , Athletic Injuries/complicationsABSTRACT
Introducción: el empiema cerebral en pediatría es una rara infección intracraneal que puede ser secundaria a una meningitis, sinusitis, o por mecanismos como trauma craneal, cirugía neurológica o como resultado de la diseminación hematógena desde un sitio remoto. Objetivo: describir un caso de empiema cerebral causado por Escherichia coli en un lactante. Metodología: presentar un caso clínico, con aislamiento de Escherichia coli fuera del periodo gris de la meningitis. Se realiza una revisión acerca de los factores de riesgo, la etiología y tratamiento del empiema cerebral en niños. Resultados: masculino de 5 meses, sin inmunodeficiencia, cráneo con plagiocefalia; antecedente de otitis de 3 semanas de evolución previo a su ingreso al hospital. El paciente manifestó fiebre, crisis convulsivas y deterioro rostro-caudal. El líquido cefalorraquídeo con pleocitosis e hipoglucorraquia. Las imágenes tomográficas revelaron la presencia de empiema cerebral. Se logró el aislamiento de Escherichia coli en el cultivo, requirió drenaje quirúrgico y antibioticoterapia sistémica por 4 semanas. Conclusiones: el empiema cerebral por Escherichia coli en lactantes después del periodo gris es muy raro. Su tratamiento consiste en la evacuación quirúrgica oportuna, la erradicación del foco infeccioso primario y la administración apropiada de antimicrobianos sistémicos.
Introduction: Brain empyema in children is a rare intracranial infection that may result from meningitis, sinusitis, or mechanisms such as head trauma, neurological surgery or hematogenous spread from a remote site. Objective: To describe a case of brain empyema caused by Escherichia coli in an infant. Methodology: A case report is presented with isolation of Escherichia coli arising after the overlap period of meningitis (1-3 months). A literature review of the risk factors, etiology and treatment of brain empyema in children is conducted. Results: The case report is about a 5 month-old male infant with no history of immunodeficiency, plagiocephalic, and with a 3 week-long history of otitis prior to admission. The patient had fever, seizures and rostro-caudal deterioration, cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis and hypoglycorrhachia. The tomographic images revealed brain empyema. It was posible to isolate Escherichia coli from culture and surgical drainage was required plus systemic antibiotic therapy for 4 weeks. Conclusions: Brain empyema caused by Escherichia coli in infants after the overlap period are very rare. Treatment consists in prompt surgical evacuation, eradication of the primary infection and proper administration of systemic antimicrobials.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant , Empyema/diagnosis , Empyema/microbiology , Brain Diseases/diagnosis , Brain Diseases/microbiology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Drainage , Empyema/etiology , Empyema/therapy , Brain Diseases/etiology , Brain Diseases/therapy , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Risk Factors , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar diferencias de dimorfismo sexual de las características de labios de hombre y mujeres mestizos colombianos a través de análisis fotogramétrico. Se evaluaron fotografías frontales de 120 individuos mestizos sin alteraciones congénitas o adquiridas de los labios, tomadas en relación 1:1. A través del uso de puntos antropométricos en la vista frontal, se evaluaron las dimensiones: grosor del labio superior (Sn-Stms), grosor del bermellon superior (Stms-Ls), grosor del labio inferior (Stmi-Sml), grosor del bermellon inferior (Stmi-Li) y ancho bicomisural (Chd-Chi), con la ayuda del software J image (NIH). El análisis estadístico utilizó la prueba U Mann-Whitney usando el software SPSS 17.0, para determinar diferencias entre los dos sexos en todas las variables. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la longitud del bermellón del labio superior (Stms-Ls) ni en la longitud del bermellón del labio inferior (Stmi-Li). Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p<0,001) en grosor del labio superior (Sn-Stms), grosor del labio inferior (Stmi-Sml) y ancho bicomisural (Chd-Chi). Estas medidas fueron mayores en individuos mestizos de género masculino. Existe dimorfismo sexual en el ancho bicomisural, longitud de labio superior e inferior en colombianos mestizos.
The aim of this research was to determine sexual dimorphism in lip characteristic in colombian male and female population through a photogrammetric study. Frontal facial photographs, in 1 to 1 scale, from 120 colombian persons without congenital or acquired lip alterations were evaluated. Using frontal landmarks, longitudinal dimensions of upper lip height (Sn-Stms), vermilion height of the upper lip (Stms-Ls), lower lip height (Stmi-Sml), vermilion height of the lower lip (Stmi-Li) and mouth width (ch-ch). J image software was user for phogrammetric analysis (NIH). For stadistical analysis U mann-whitney test was used with SPSS 17.0, in order to determine sexual dimorphism in lip characteristic. No significant sexual dimorphism was found for vermilion height of the upper lip (Stms-Ls) nor vermillion height of the lower lip (Stmi-Li). Significan sexual dimorphism was found for upper lip height (Sn-Stms), lower lip height (Stmi-Sml) and mouth width (ch-ch). All longitudinal measurements were larger in male than female. There was sexual dimorphism in lip measurements in a colombian population, when evaluated using phoptogrammetric methods.
Subject(s)
Female , Lip/anatomy & histology , Sex Characteristics , Anthropometry , ColombiaABSTRACT
Introducción: la presencia de fibronectina fetal en secreciones vaginales ha sido considerada como un predictor de trabajo de parto en embarazo de término y de pretérmino. Objetivo: evaluar la validez predictiva de la fibronectina en embarazadas que acudieron al Hospital General SSH de Pachuca, México. Metodología: se incluyeron pacientes embarazadas que acudieron al hospital para control de su embarazo. Se determinó la fibronectina fetal en todas las participantes y se dio un seguimiento hasta el inicio del trabajo de parto. Resultados: participaron un total de 148 pacientes, siendo un grupo con 53 pacientes con menos de 37 semanas de gestación (SG) y otro grupo con 95 pacientes con 37 ó más SG. En general, la prueba mostró una sensibilidad promedio de 72,5 por ciento y una especificidad promedio de 82,9 por ciento para ambos grupos. Conclusión: sobre la base de los resultados obtenidos, recomendamos utilizar la prueba de fibronectina en embarazadas a partir de las 32 semanas de gestación, tanto en los servicios de urgencias como de consulta externa.
Background: The presence of fetal fibronectin in vaginal secretions has been regarded as a predictor of labor in pregnant term and preterm. Objective: For this reason the purpose of this study was to evaluate the predictive validity of fibronectin in pregnant women who attended the General Hospital SSH Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico. Methodology: We included pregnant patients admitted to hospital for pregnancy control. Fetal fibronectin was determined in all participants and then followed until the onset of labor. Results: A total of 148 patients participated. One group with 53 patients less than 37 weeks gestation, and another group of 95 patients with 37 or more weeks gestation. In general, the test showed an average sensitivity of 72.5 percent and specificity 82.9 percent average for both groups. Conclusion: Based on these results, we recommend using fibronectin test in pregnant women after 32 weeks of gestation, both in emergency departments and outpatient clinics.