Management of adult syphilis between gynecology and urology

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease found only in humans, which is caused by a spirochete [Treponema pallidum]. It infects the genital area, lips, mouth, or anus of both men and women. Patients usually get syphilis from sexual contact with someone who has it. It can also pass from mother to baby during pregnancy. The early stage of syphilis usually causes a single, small, painless sore. Sometimes it causes swelling in nearby lymph nodes. If you do not treat it, syphilis usually causes a non-itchy skin rash, often on your hands and feet. Many people do not notice symptoms for years. Symptoms can go away and come back. The sores caused by syphilis make it easier to get or give someone HIV during sex. If you are pregnant, syphilis can cause birth defects, or you could lose your baby. In rare cases, syphilis causes serious health problems and even death. Syphilis is easy to cure with antibiotics if you catch it early. Correct usage of latex condoms greatly reduces, but does not completely eliminate, the risk of catching or spreading syphilis

Increasing of PCOs among young females

Polycystic ovary syndrome [PCOS] is a typical heterogeneous endocrine disorder characterized by irregular menses, polycystic ovaries, and hyperandrogenism. The pervasiveness of PCOS differs relying upon which criteria are utilized to make the diagnosis. Clinical manifestations incorporate oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea, hirsutism, and normally infertility. Risk factors for PCOS in adult women incorporates type I diabetes, type II diabetes, and gestational diabetes. Insulin resistance influences 50%-70% of women with PCOS prompting various comorbidities containing metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, diabetes, glucose intolerance, and hypertension. Studies demonstrate that women with PCOS will probably have expanded coronary artery calcium scores and increased carotid intima-media thickness. Mental health disorders comprising anxiety, depression, binge eating disorder and bipolar disorder similarly occur more often in women with PCOS. Weight loss advances menstrual irregularities, symptoms of androgen excess, and infertility. Management of clinical manifestations of PCOS comprises oral contraceptives for menstrual irregularities and hirsutism. Spironolactone and finasteride are used to treat symptoms of androgen excess. Treatment options for infertility include clomiphene, gonadotropins, laparoscopic ovarian drilling, and assisted reproductive technology. Appropriate diagnosis and administration of PCOS is crucial to address patient concerns yet additionally to anticipate future metabolic, endocrine, psychiatric, and cardiovascular complications