ABSTRACT
Objective：This study aimed to examine the effect of experiencing parent-child separation on the social adaptive skills of children with cerebral palsy.Methods：The subjects were children with cerebral palsy who belonged to special schools. They were divided into two groups based on whether or not they would experience parent-child separation by participating in the camp activity. Asahide-shiki Social Adaptability (ASA) was used to evaluate their social adaptive skills. ASA consists of four specified sub-scales, namely “language,” “daily living,” “social life,” and “interpersonal relationship”．The data were analyzed using two-way repeated-measures ANOVA with the group and the time of evaluation as the independent variables. The simple main effect test was used, following the Bonferroni method.Results：Interaction was observed at the total skills scores and “Social life” of the sub-scales items, while the time of evaluation was found to have a main effect on the subscale scores of social life and interpersonal relationship. As a result of the simple main effect, improvements in social life, interpersonal relationship and the total skills scores were recognized in the group experiencing parent-child separation.Conclusion：Cerebral palsy children who experienced parent-child separation improved their social adaptive skills, particularly social life and interpersonal relationship skills. For children with cerebral palsy, who lack experience of social participation, extraordinary experiences are an opportunity to review their relationships with people in daily life, and it leads to improvement in their social adaptive skills.
ABSTRACT
Objective：This study aimed to examine the effect of experiencing parent-child separation on the social adaptive skills of children with cerebral palsy.Methods：The subjects were children with cerebral palsy who belonged to special schools. They were divided into two groups based on whether or not they would experience parent-child separation by participating in the camp activity. Asahide-shiki Social Adaptability (ASA) was used to evaluate their social adaptive skills. ASA consists of four specified sub-scales, namely “language,” “daily living,” “social life,” and “interpersonal relationship”．The data were analyzed using two-way repeated-measures ANOVA with the group and the time of evaluation as the independent variables. The simple main effect test was used, following the Bonferroni method.Results：Interaction was observed at the total skills scores and “Social life” of the sub-scales items, while the time of evaluation was found to have a main effect on the subscale scores of social life and interpersonal relationship. As a result of the simple main effect, improvements in social life, interpersonal relationship and the total skills scores were recognized in the group experiencing parent-child separation.Conclusion：Cerebral palsy children who experienced parent-child separation improved their social adaptive skills, particularly social life and interpersonal relationship skills. For children with cerebral palsy, who lack experience of social participation, extraordinary experiences are an opportunity to review their relationships with people in daily life, and it leads to improvement in their social adaptive skills.
ABSTRACT
<b>Introduction</b> : The purpose of this study was to clarify the effectiveness of a home exercise (HE) program for hemophilic patients.<br><b>Methods</b> : An intervention study was conducted over twelve weeks for patients aged 16 to 60 years, inclusive. Exercise guidance to assist in the improvement of their knee function was provided to the patients. Using questionnaires and assessments of physical function, we measured the physical condition of the patients before and after HE. Guidance about the strengthening of knee extensor muscles, static stretching of knee flexor muscles and standing balance training, as well as advice for the promotion of physical activities, was provided on an individualized basis. Muscle force and range of motion of the knee, modified Functional Reach (mFRT), 10 meter walking time, and 3 minute gait distance were all measured. All patients were surveyed for bleeding frequency, activities of daily living (ADL), and health related quality of life (HRQOL : SF-36), respectively.<br><b>Results</b> : Twenty-two patients with an average age of 37.2 years, were included in the analysis, with 86.4% of them having a history of severe of hemophilia (coagulation factor level <0.01 IU mL−1). There were significant improvements in strength of knee extensor and range of extension of the knees, mFRT, 10 meter gait time, 3 minute gait distance, ADL, and physical function of SF 36. There was a significant correlation between Ex for locomotive activities and change of 3 minute gait distance. No increase in bleeding frequency was noted.<br><b>Conclusion</b> : HE for hemophilic patients is useful for the improvement of muscle force and range extension of the knees, mFRT, gait speed, and ADL. Individualised guidance for improvement of physical activities and knee function is necessary for improvement of overall physical function.