ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Neck circumference (NC) is a useful anthropometric measure for predicting obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Ethnicity and sex also influence obesity phenotypes. NC cut-offs for defining OSA have not been established for the Latin American population. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate NC, waist circumference (WC), and body mass index (BMI) as predictors of OSA in the Colombian population and to determine optimal cut-off points. DESIGN AND SETTING: Diagnostic tests were conducted at the Javeriana University, Bogota. METHODS: Adults from three cities in Colombia were included. NC, WC, and BMI were measured, and a polysomnogram provided the reference standard. The discrimination capacity and best cut-off points for diagnosing OSA were calculated. RESULTS: 964 patients were included (57.7% men; median age, 58 years) and 43.4% had OSA. The discrimination capacity of NC was similar for men and women (area under curve, AUC 0.63 versus 0.66, P = 0.39) but better for women under 60 years old (AUC 0.69 versus 0.57, P < 0.05). WC had better discrimination capacity for women (AUC 0.69 versus 0.57, P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in BMI. Optimal NC cut-off points were 36.5 cm for women (sensitivity [S]: 71.7%, specificity [E]: 55.3%) and 41 cm for men (S: 56%, E: 62%); and for WC, 97 cm for women (S: 65%, E: 69%) and 99 cm for men (S: 53%, E: 58%). CONCLUSIONS: NC and WC have moderate discrimination capacities for diagnosing OSA. The cut-off values suggest differences between Latin- and North American as well as Asian populations.
ABSTRACT
Background: amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a group of disorders that affect the enamel of the teeth, either in quality or quantity. this alteration causes sensitivity and is associated with factors that could affect the strength of the adhesive bond of the restorative material. aim: to review the literature regarding the most used temporary restorative treatment in children and adolescents with AI. methods: this scoping review aimed to include case reports, literature reviews and original studies that evaluated restorative materials for the teeth of children and adolescents with AI. editorials, meeting abstracts and letters to the editor were excluded. the following electronic databases were used: Medline (Ovid), PubMed, Ebsco, Scopus (Elsevier) and Web of Science (Thomson Reuters). manual searches in the reference lists of the included articles were also carried out. finally, a search in Google Scholar restricted to the first 100 hits was performed. duplicates were eliminated upon identification. the search covered a period between the years of 2011 and 2016. PRISMA guidelines were used for reporting the review. the evidence ranking was carried out by means of the Oxford criteria. results: six articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in this scoping review. three articles were case reports, one was a review and two were original studies. tor the treatment of AI, direct or indirect composite resins were the most commonly used material of choice in the retrieved studies because they demonstrate greater longevity, aesthetics and function compared to the other materials used. conclusions: among children and adolescents with AI, the temporary restorative treatment that demonstrated better long-term results in permanent teeth was the direct and indirect composite resins. however, high quality studies should be conducted to confirm the results presented herein.
Subject(s)
Humans , Pediatric Dentistry , Dentinogenesis Imperfecta/therapy , Amelogenesis Imperfecta/therapy , Tooth Erosion , Databases, Bibliographic , Dental Restoration, Permanent , Dental Restoration, TemporaryABSTRACT
El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo comprobar los cambios en la proporción de tenascina (T) y fibronectina (F) en la zona de tensión del ligamento periodontal humano (LPH) de dientes sometidos a fuerzas ortodónticas. Se tomaron muestras de LPH en 20 pacientes entre 18 y 25 años. A los dientes del grupo experimental se les aplicó una fuerza con intervalos de 1, 21 y 40 días. Las muestras fueron congeladas en nitrógeno líquido y posteriormente sometidas a tinción inmunohistoquímica. Para el grupo de F, el primer día se observó que los dientes del grupo control presentaban una tinción leve. En el grupo experimental se observó que las siete muestras presentaban una tinción leve. En el día 21, cinco de las siete muestras presentaban una tinción moderada y las dos restantes, una tinción intensa. En el día 40, en todas se observó una tinción intensa. En el grupo control de T, las muestras presentaron una tinción leve. En el primer día se observó una tinción moderada. En el día 21, cuatro presentaron una tinción intensa y las tres restantes, una tinción moderada. En el día 40 fue leve. Los resultados sugieren la posible relación de la F y la T en los procesos de neoformación en la zona de tensión, contribuyendo a la mejor comprensión de los procesos moleculares involucrados al aplicar fuerzas ortodónticas en los dientes
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Periodontal Ligament/cytology , Periodontal Ligament/physiology , Tooth Movement Techniques , Fibronectins , Tenascin , Bicuspid/physiology , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Immunohistochemistry/methods , Frozen Sections/methodsABSTRACT
La quimiotaxis del PMN en pacientes con diabetes mellitus (DM) se caracteriza por la disfunción del PMN ante un antígeno. En éste estudio se tomaron 10 pacientes DM y 10 pacientes control; con la técnica de boca dividida se seleccionaron 3 sitios de acuerdo al índice de Sillness y Loe; se tomaron muestras en cada surco seleccionado de acuerdo a la técnica de Spasky y Lehner, para medir la quimiotaxis del PMN se utilizó la técnica de Boyden modificada. Después de tomar las muestras iniciales se les realizó terapia higiénica y controles semanales durante 2 meses. En los pacientes DM y en los del grupo control, con periodonto sano y con gingivitis, no se encontraron diferencias significativas en la quimiotaxis del PMNs, entre los grupos. Entre el grupo con diferentes grados enfermedad periodontal la respuesta si fue significatica (p<.056), pero entre los grupos 1 y 2 hubo diferencias en el primer día al estímulo de la quimiotaxis de los PMNs (p<000) y a los 60 días no mostraron diferencias entre los 2 grupos (p<.025) y al estímulo la diferencia si fué significativa entre cada grupo con diferentes grados de enfermedad periodontal (p<.000), pero no entre los grupos 1 y 2 (p<0.25). Se comprueba que la quimiotaxis de los PMNs no se altera en los pacientes diabéticos con periodonto sano o con gingivitis, pero en pacientes con periodonto severamente afectado por enfermedad periodontal, la quimiotaxis si esta alterada