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West Indian med. j ; 55(3): 183-187, Jun. 2006.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-472323

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: This study aimed (a) to provide information on methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) Staphylococcus aureus colonization ratio in residents of nursing homes; (b) to determine the effect of hand-washing education given to nursing home residents and employees on nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus (NCSA) and (c) to obtain probable risk factors for MRSA colonization of residents in two nursing homes. METHODS: Seventy-nine volunteers (24 females and 55 males) from Bolu nursing homes were included in the study. Nasal samples were taken with sterile swabs from the anterior nares. Staphylococcus aureus strains were identified using classical methods and genotyping of methicillin resistant strains was done using Arbitrary Primed PCR (AP-PCR). Antibiotic susceptibilities were determined by disk diffusion methods according to NCCLS standards. After first nasal samples were taken, all employees and residents of nursing homes were educated about the methods of hand hygiene over two days. RESULTS: With hand-washing education, the decrease of NCSA rate (initially 43; after education, 21) was significant (p 0.05). MRSA carriage was significantly correlated with presence of skin lesions, prior hospitalization within the last six months, and antibiotics usage within the last six months. AP PCR results suggested that residents' carriage of MRSA was the result of the same source. CONCLUSION: MSSA and MRSA colonization rates were found to be 38and 5in nursing homes, respectively. These ratios can decrease with simple precautions like hand-washing after a short education period.


ANTECEDENTES: Este estudio tiene como propósito: (a) ofrecer información sobre la tasa de colonización Staphylococcus aureus resistentes a la meticilina (SARM) y el de Staphylococcus aureus susceptibles a la meticilina (SASM) de residentes en hogares de ancianos; (b) determinar el efecto de la educación del lavado de manos brindada a los residentes y empleados, sobre la portación nasal de Staphylococcus aureus (PNSA); y (c) obtener los factores de riesgo probables por la colonización de SARM en los residentes de dos hogares de ancianos. MÉTODOS: Setenta y nueve voluntarios (24 hembras y 55 varones) de los hogares de ancianos Bolu fueron incluidos en el estudio. Se tomaron muestras nasales con hisopos estériles, de 1/3 orificios nasales anteriores. Se identificaron cepas de Staphylococcus aureus usando métodos clásicos; y la genotipificación de las cepas resistentes a la meticilina se realizó por medio de la técnica de la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con iniciadores arbitrarios (AP-PCR). Las susceptibilidades antibióticas se determinaron mediante métodos de difusión por disco de acuerdo con los estándares del NCCLS. Después que se tomaron las primeras muestras nasales, todos los empleados y los residentes de los hogares de ancianos recibieron instrucción sobre métodos de higiene de las manos durante dos días. RESULTADOS: Con la educación del lavado de manos, la disminución de la tasa de PNSA (inicialmente 43%; después del entrenamiento 21%) fue significativa (p < 0.05), mientras que la disminución de la tasa de portación de SARM (inicialmente 5%; después del entrenamiento 1%) no fue significativa (p > 0.05).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Nursing Homes/statistics & numerical data , Cross Infection/epidemiology , Staphylococcal Infections/epidemiology , Hand Disinfection , Nose/microbiology , Methicillin Resistance , Staphylococcus aureus/genetics , Program Evaluation , Inservice Training , Risk Factors , Cross Infection/microbiology , Cross Infection/prevention & control , Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology , Staphylococcal Infections/prevention & control , Risk Assessment , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects , Turkey
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