ABSTRACT
Purpose:Nutritional status and dietary pattern of 120 randomly selected type-2 diabetic patients of both sexes (age range 18 and 65 years) attending medical outpatient clinics within Abuja metropolis were assessed. Methods:A cross-sectional survey involving pre-tested and semi-structured questionnaires was used. Socio-demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, nutritional status and dietary pattern of the subjects were computed using standard methods. Results:The result of socio-demographic characteristics indicates that 52% are males and 48% are females. Subjects with primary education constitute 4.2%, about half of them having either secondary (48.3%) or tertiary (47.5%) education. Most (80.8%) of them are married, 32.5% fell within a monthly income range of N50,000 -N100,000 (US $139.07 -$278.14). Anthropometric indices showed that the height of 75% of the respondents was 159.9 ± 7.0 cm, 100% of the respondents’ weight, hip circumference,waist-hip ratio and waist-height ratio are 72.69 ± 16.88 cm, 104.6 ± 12.4 cm, 0.94 ± 0.1 and 0.61 ± 0.1 respectively. The nutritional status of the subjects revealed that only 25% fell within the normal BMI range, with 1.7% being underweight, 20.8% overweight and half of them (52.5%) obese and out of which 27% are morbid. Their dietary patterns showed that the food mostly consumed include cereals, processed cereals, legumes, vegetables, fruits and meat. More than a quarter of the respondents totally avoid sugar in their diet, while 33.33% rarely eat sugar. Eggs (48.33%) have a moderate frequency of consumption. Conclusion:This study concludes that the dietary practices of the respondents contribute to their poor nutritional status.
ABSTRACT
Background: Japanese Stroke Scale for Depression (JSS-D) is not a validated instrument for post stroke depression (PSD) in sub-Saharan Africans. Methods: Ninety-two subjects on follow-up in a stroke clinic were consecutively assessed for demographic and clinical variables; and all were subsequently assessed for depression with the JSS-D. Functional ability was assessed with Rankin score and good functional recovery was defined as Rankin score of =2. Stroke type was determined using cranial computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging as cerebral infarct or intracerebral hemorrhage. Data was compared between subjects with and without PSD. Symmetric agreement between JSS-D and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Fourth Edition (DSM IV) criteria for depression was compared on Cohen's kappa statistics and the sensitivity; specificity of JSS-D was tested on a receiver operated characteristics (ROC) curve. Results: PSD occurred in 17 (18.5) of study subjects. Mean age was not significantly different between PSD and no PSD; P = 0.226; but there was a difference in the sex distribution (P = 0.034) with a male sex preponderance for both groups. Rankin score was higher in PSD and significantly different both at discharge and the time of evaluation (P = 0.019 and 0.003). JSS-D agreed with DSM IV criteria for mild depression significantly on Cohen's kappa statistics; kappa = 0.69; P 0.0001. The sensitivity and specificity of JSS-D on ROC curve were 94.1and 97.2 respectively at a JSS-D cut-off value of 2.37; area under the curve
Subject(s)
Asian People , Depression , StrokeABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between socio-cultural factors and infertility-related stress among a sample of Nigerian women. The subscales of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and a schedule detailing socio-demographic and infertility-related variables were administered on women with infertility and a matched control group. The rates of significant anxiety symptoms (39.4) and depressive symptoms (40.4) among the women with infertility were higher than the corresponding rates of 11.1 and 10.1 in the control group. Their mean anxiety and depression scores were also higher (P0.001). Low religiosity; friction with husband's family; polygamous relationship and family pressure on husband predicted symptoms among the women with infertility. Public campaign to improve attitude towards women with infertility is advocated. Therapeutic mental health services are important for these women