ABSTRACT
The posterior communicating arteries (PCoA) are important component of collateral circulation between the anterior and posterior part of circle of Willis (CW). The hypoplasia or aplasia of PCoA will reflect on prognosis of the neurological diseases. Precise studies of the incidence of hypoplastic PCoA in Andhra Pradesh population of India are hitherto unreported, since the present study was undertaken. Two hundred and thirty one magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) images were analyzed to identify the hypoplasia of PCoA and presence of fetal type of posterior cerebral artery (f-PCA) in patients with different neurological symptoms. All the patients underwent 3.0T MRI exposure. The results were statistically analysed. A total of 63 (27.3%) PCoA hypoplasia and 13 cases with f-PCA (5.6%) cases were identified. The hypoplastic PCoA was noted more in males than females (P<0.05) and right side hypoplasia was common than the left (P<0.04); bilateral hypoplasia of PCoA was seen in 37 cases out of 63 and is significant. The hypoplastic cases of the present study also were associated with variations of anterior cerebral arteries and one case was having vertebral artery hypoplasia. Incidence of PCoA as unilateral or bilateral with other associated anomalies of CW is more prone to develop stroke, migraine and cognitive dysfunction. Knowledge of these variations in the PCoA plays a pivotal role in diagnoses of neurological disorders and in neurovascular surgeries and angiographic point of view.
ABSTRACT
The posterior communicating arteries (PCoA) are important component of collateral circulation between the anterior and posterior part of circle of Willis (CW). The hypoplasia or aplasia of PCoA will reflect on prognosis of the neurological diseases. Precise studies of the incidence of hypoplastic PCoA in Andhra Pradesh population of India are hitherto unreported, since the present study was undertaken. Two hundred and thirty one magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) images were analyzed to identify the hypoplasia of PCoA and presence of fetal type of posterior cerebral artery (f-PCA) in patients with different neurological symptoms. All the patients underwent 3.0T MRI exposure. The results were statistically analysed. A total of 63 (27.3%) PCoA hypoplasia and 13 cases with f-PCA (5.6%) cases were identified. The hypoplastic PCoA was noted more in males than females (P<0.05) and right side hypoplasia was common than the left (P<0.04); bilateral hypoplasia of PCoA was seen in 37 cases out of 63 and is significant. The hypoplastic cases of the present study also were associated with variations of anterior cerebral arteries and one case was having vertebral artery hypoplasia. Incidence of PCoA as unilateral or bilateral with other associated anomalies of CW is more prone to develop stroke, migraine and cognitive dysfunction. Knowledge of these variations in the PCoA plays a pivotal role in diagnoses of neurological disorders and in neurovascular surgeries and angiographic point of view.
ABSTRACT
Pulmonary tuberculosis (PT) Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most important communicable diseases in the world. India is the highest PT TB burden country accounting for one-fifth (21%) of the global incidence (9.4 million cases). This problem is further magnified by the after-effects of the disease—post-tubercular bronchiectasis (PTBX). As a result, the sufferers run from pillar to post with sinister symptomatology. Some of them are retreated with antituberculous treatment, although there is no definite indication. Katuri Medical College is situated in the rural Guntur surrounded by number of dusty industries like granite, quarrying, cotton crop and mills, tobacco, capsicum crop, spices besides being an agricultural area on the brink of mighty Krishna River flowing at a length of more than 700 km through three states of Karnataka, Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh. As a result the flora and fauna is complex. Workers in this area report with variegated granulomatous lung diseases to the faculty of Pulmonology. Over and above the incidence of smoking in both sexes is rampant. The final outcome in all these morbidities is bronchiectasis. Quite a few of them have had treatment for pulmonary TB in the past. With this background the present study was undertaken to find out the vagary of post-tubercular bronchiectasis ruling out the extrinsic atmospheric factors.