ABSTRACT
Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is the most common complaint in gynecology and an important source ofmorbidity. It may be evaluated by hysteroscopy or by dilatation and curettage.Materials and Methods: Between January 2015 and August 2016, 50 patients with AUB who got admitted at MNR MedicalCollege in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology were subjected to panoramic hysteroscopy and subsequent dilatationand curettage. Data were collected and analyzed.Results: AUB was more common in 30–39 years. The most common presenting complaint was menorrhagia. Negativehysteroscopic view was seen in 54% of cases. Abnormalities seen were endometrial hyperplasia, polyps, submucous myoma, andendometrial atrophy. Both hysteroscopy and curettage were accurate when an abnormality was diagnosed, giving a specificity of96.15% and positive predictive value of 96.65%. However, the ability to diagnose a lesion (sensitivity) was more with hysteroscopyin comparison to curettage (91.66 vs. 79.16). Forty-one patients (82%) had the same tissue diagnosis in both hysteroscopy andcurettage. Hysteroscopy revealed more information than curettage in 12% and curettage had more information in 6% of cases.Conclusion: This study confirms the conclusion of many others that hysteroscopy is superior to dilatation and curettage inevaluating patients with AUB.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Complications due to diabetes are a major cause of disability, reduced quality of life and death. Recent studies have emphasized the role of serum ferritin in insulin resistance and the incidence of diabetes mellitus. However, the role of ferritin as a marker of iron overload in pancreatic damage and peripheral insulin resistance or its role as an inflammatory marker is not clear. The aim of this study is to establish a correlation between serum ferritin, FBS and HbA1c in type 2 diabetes mellitus and to evaluate the role of serum ferritin on the glycemic status in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: This was a cross- sectional study of 100 cases, visiting medical outpatient department of a tertiary care teaching hospital. Diabetic patients were compared with age and sex matched normal healthy controls. Effect of serum ferritin on glycemic status, gender and age was noted. Results: Statistically significant increase of FPG, HbA1C and serum ferritin levels were observed in type 2 diabetes mellitus group than controls in both females and males while there was no statistically significant difference of hemoglobin between diabetic group and controls in females and males. There was a high (r= 0.62, r= 0.66) positive correlation between SF and HbA1c of females and males respectively in diabetic group P-value=< 0.01. Conclusion: Higher positive correlation of serum ferritin with HbA1c shows that hyperglycemia affects ferritin levels possibly due to inflammation or oxidative stress or a combination of the two.