ABSTRACT
La obesidad abdominal y las dislipidemias son factores de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV). Se evaluó la relación de la circunferencia de cintura (CC), con los lípidos e índices de riesgo cardiovascular en 414 adolescentes (12-16,9 años). El estudio fue descriptivo, correlacional, transversal, y de campo. Se midió: peso, talla, CC y se calculó el índice de masa corporal (IMC). Se determinó colesterol total (CT), triglicéridos (TG) y lipoproteína de alta densidad (HDL-c). Se calculó: la lipoproteína de baja densidad (LDL-c), el colesterol no-HDL y las relaciones de riesgo aterogénico. Se realizaron estadísticos descriptivos, las pruebas de Mann Whitney, Chi cuadrado y Odds Ratio, con significancia estadística de p<0,05. 18,1% y 7,0% presentaron sobrepeso y obesidad, respectivamente y 38,9% tenían CC≥p90. Los adolescentes con CC≥p90 mostraron cifras más elevadas de peso, IMC y de CT, colesterol no-HDL, TG y de los índices CT/HDL-C y TG/HDL-C que los adolescentes con CC
Abdominal obesity and dyslipidemias have been considered cardiovascular risk factors. This descriptive and cross-sectional study was undertaken to assess the relationship between waist circumference (WC) and lipid profile, and Cardiovascular risk factors in 414 adolescents (ages 12 to16.9 years). Height, weight and WC were measured and body mass index was (BMI) estimated. Plasma levels for triglycerides, total cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were determined. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and non-HDL-C and atherogenic risk index were assessed. Mann-Whitney, Odds Ratio and Chi-square test were calculated and significance level p<0.05 was considered. 18.1% and 7% presented overweight and obesity, respectively and 38.9% had WC equal or greater than the 90th percentile (WC≥p90). Significant higher levels (p<0.05) for weight, IMC, TC, TG, non-HDL, TC/HDL-C index and TG/HDL-C Index were found in adolescents with WC≥p90. Males had higher mean values for weight, height, BMI and WC than females (p<0.05). Females had higher TC, HDL-C and LDL-C concentrations than males (p<0.05). Adolescents with WC≥p90 are more likely to have a higher atherogenic risk index than those with WC
ABSTRACT
Introduction: In spite nearly 40% of the variability in blood pressure can be explained by genetic factors, the identification of genes associated to essential high blood pressure is difficult in populations where individuals have different genetic precedents; in these circumstances it is necessary to determinate whether the population is sub-structured because this can bias studies associated with this disease.Objectives: To determine the genetic structure of the population in Bucaramanga from genetic polymorphisms associated with the regulation of blood pressure: 448G>T, 679C>T y 1711C>T from the gene kinase 4 of the dopaminergic receptor linked to the protein G and Glu298Asp, -786T>C and the VNTR of the intron 4 of the gene of endothelial nitric oxide.Methodology: A sample of 552 unrelated individuals was studied through analysis of Restriction fragment length polymorphism. The allelic, haplotypic and genotypic frequencies were calculated, the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was determined and a molecular analysis of variance was performed to determine the genetic structure.Results: 38 Haplotypes were identified, with GCCTG4b as the most frequent (21.2%). The most diverse polymorphism was 448G>T with a frequency of 49.9% for heterozygous. The six polymorphisms were found in genetic equilibrium and genetic structure of populations was not evidenced (FST = 0,0038).Conclusion: The population studied does not present a genetic sub-structure and the polymorphisms analyzed were found in genetic equilibrium, this indicates that the population mixes randomly and there are no sub-groups capable of affecting the results of the association studies