Cambios en las variables antropométricas durante la gestación en mujeres eutróficas / Changes of the anthropometric variables during gestation in well-nourished women

To analyze the behavior of the anthropometric measures during gestation in teenagers and adults pregnant women. The study group was formed by 81 well nourished, healthy pregnant women, 14 teenagers and 67 adults. They were evaluated at Centro de Atención Nutricional Infantil "AntÝmano". The anthropometric criteria included at least five anthropometric evaluations: one in the first trimester of pregnancy, two in the second and two in the third. The anthropometric variable mean was obtained from each one of the pregnant women in each of their corresponding visits during the first, second and third trimester. The descriptive statistics of the studied anthropometric variables were calculated. Student' t test was applied. There were significant changes during pregnancy in weight, wrist, waist, abdomen, waist-hip, hip-gluteal, thigh and calf circumferences and body mass index in teenagers and adults. There were significant changes during gestation in a lying down position height in teenagers and mid-arm circumference in adults. There was significant difference in change from the first to the third trimester of gestation, between teenagers and adults in the calf circumference. The studied anthropometric variables presented the same behavior during gestation in adolescents and adults, unless the mid-upper arm circumference.

Efectividad de dos indicadores antropométricos en el diagnóstico nutricional de gestantes eutróficas y desnutridas / The effectiveness of anthropometric indicators in the nutritional diagnosis of well-nourished and undernourished pregnant women

The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of the indicators prepregnancy weight and prepregnancy body mass index in the categorization of the nutritional state of the pregnant woman. The study group was formed by 109 pregnant women. They were evaluated in the first trimester of the pregnancy, at the "Centro de Atención Nutricional Infantil AntÝmano". In each one of them the nutritional state was classified according to three criteria: integral nutritional diagnosis, prepregnancy weight and prepregnancy body mass index. For the evaluation of the effectiveness of the diagnostic criteria, the other two approaches were compared with the integral nutritional diagnosis. The analysis of the frequency, sensibility, specificity and predictive values were applied. The integral nutritional diagnosis showed: 75.2 (n = 82) well-nourished and 14.8 (n = 27) undernourished. The sensibility of the prepregnancy weight was 0.93 and of the prepregnancy body mass index was 0.52, with a positive predictive value of 0.60 and 0.82 respectively. The specificity of the first indicator was 0.79 and of the second was 0.96, with negative predictive value of 0.97 and 0.86 respectively. The pregnancy weight demonstrated to be effective to diagnosis undernourished women.