A rare case of cellular schwannoma in the pharynx.

Cellular schwannomas in pharyngeal region are rare. These tumors histologically mimic malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors because of their growth pattern, high cellularity and mitotic activity, but they are relatively benign tumors with a tendency to recur but do not metastasize.

A case of post-hysterectomy ectopic tubal pregnancy.

Ectopic pregnancy after total abdominal hysterectomy is rare and, for this reason, delay in diagnosis may occur when such patient present with abdominal pain.

Effect of different growth parameters on endoglucanase enzyme activity by bacteria isolated from coir retting effluents of estuarine environment

The cellulolytic enzyme-endoglucanase activity against coir fibre, a major biowaste by bacteria such as Cellulomonas, Bacillus and Micrococcus spp. isolated from coir retting effluents of estuarine environment was studied. The enzyme assay was carried out by using various concentrations [0.5 - 2%] of substrate of coir powder as a carbohydrate in different pH [5 - 9] and temperature [20 - 50 °C]. The enzyme activity was minimum in 0.5% substrate concentration at lower pH 5 [0.0087, 0.0143 and 0.0071 U/mL] and at 20 °C temperature [0.0151, 0.0154 and 0.0122 U/mL] by the bacterial strains such as Cellulomonas, Bacillus and Micrococcus spp respectively. Then this level was increased and reached maximum at the neutral pH [0.0172, 0.0165 and 0.0121 U/mL] and at 40 °C [0.0336, 0.0196 and 0.0152 U/mL] by the selected bacterial species. Further increase of pH and temperature, the enzyme activity reduced considerably to 0.0083, 0.0143 and 0.0037 U/mL at pH 9 and 0.0154, 0.0197 and 0.0121 U/mL at 50 °C by the tested bacterial strains. The same trend was also obtained in oth er substrate concentrations such as 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0%. With in the four substrate concentrations, the endoglucanase enzyme activity was more in 1.5% concentration at the tested pH and temperatures. From the over all result, it was observed that, among the three bacterial strains, the enzyme activity was more in Cellulomonas sp, followed by Bacillus andMicrococcus spp. in varying pH and temperature