ABSTRACT
The study of genetically polymorphism of population have been done on mitochondrial genome in many developed countries. Azeri is one of the largest Iranian ethnic groups settled in north west of Iran. The aim of this study is the evaluation of mtDNA polymorphism by PCR- RELP method. In this study 120 blood samples were collected from Azerbaijan people settled in different regions of this state, and the buffy coat of blood samples were isolated. The DNA of white blood cells were extracted, and the mitochondrial D-loop fragment was amplified by using special primers with PCR. Then, PCR product was digested by restriction enzymes. D-Loop Fragment with the size of 1024bp amplified by PCR and related bands showed on gel electrophoresis. In cutting with Hae III enzyme, six diversities were observed, one of which had heteroplasmy. Also, we detected two diversities including one case of heteroplasmy by AluI digestion. Seven genetically diversities were determined in 120 samples. This diversity in our samples can be the result of the extent of a smaller ancestral population or the shorter time genetic history in Azeri ethnic group