ABSTRACT
Background: The aim is to study the various risk factors associated with development of severe respiratory distress in the new born.Methods: This was a prospective study of 200 new-borns with respiratory distress. Clinical details, etiology for the respiratory distress, system-wise factors responsible for the distress, severity and duration of respiratory distress, oxygen therapy, type of treatment, mortality, maternal and antenatal risk factors, radiological findings were noted in all the cases and were analysed.Results: Of the 200 cases with respiratory distress, 118 (59%) had severe respiratory distress. 154 cases with distress were of respiratory system in origin out of which 45% (70 out of 154) were due to Meconium aspiration syndrome, 42% (64 out of 154) were due to Respiratory distress syndrome, 12% (18 out of 154) were due to transient tachypnea of new-born and 2% were due to congenital pneumonia. More number of female patients had severe respiratory distress. Mortality was 2.5%.Conclusions: Meconium aspiration syndrome is the most common cause of respiratory distress in new born. Almost 60% of new borns with respiratory distress developed severe respiratory distress who required intensive monitoring. Risk factors like meconium stained liquor, vaginal delivered new borns, preterm gestation age, and female gender of new born were associated with severe respiratory distress in new borns.
ABSTRACT
Background: The salivary glands, mainly parotids are the site of origin of a wide variety of neoplasms. At the same time, they are relatively uncommon and show racial and geographical variations. Majority (80%) are benign tumors, only about 20% are malignant. Histopathology of parotid neoplasms is most complex and diverse of any organ in the body. Also histopathology plays a major role in the diagnosis of these neoplasms with very few contribution using special stains, immunohistochemistry and cytogenetic studies. Aim: The aim of the present study was to analyze the relative incidence, clinical presentation and spectrum of neoplasms in the parotid glands with their micromorphology at Gandhi hospital, Secunderabad, which is a tertiary referral hospital in Telangana state. Material and methods: A retrospective and prospective study of all parotid gland tumors received in the department of pathology for histopathological examination at Gandhi hospital, Secunderabad during a period of 5 years, from January 2013 to January 2018 was done. The clinical data like age, sex, duration were recorded. Grossly representative bits from the tumors were processed, sections made, stained with routine Hematoxylin and Eosin and examined under microscope. Data of 48 cases recorded during the 5 years period was analyzed. Results: 48 cases were studied during the 5-year period. Of them 39 cases were benign neoplasms and 8 cases were malignant. Benign tumors were more common in the parotid gland compared to malignant tumors, the most common benign tumor being Pleomorphic adenoma. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma was the most common malignant tumor. Most of the benign tumors occurred in the 3rd and 4 th decade while the malignant tumors were more common in the 6th decade. B. Vijayanirmala, T. Sundari Devi, Shahistha, P.V. Ramana. A 5 years study of parotid gland tumors in a tertiary hospital. IAIM, 2018; 5(11): 8-13. Page 9 Conclusion: Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common benign tumor and Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor.
ABSTRACT
Background: In women at low risk of PPH, recent studies have suggested that active pharmacological management does not reduce blood loss when compared with physiological management and routine use of oxytocic drugs benefits only seven women per hundred. The aim of study is to study the effect of prolonged duration of third stage labour on risk of hemorrhage Methods: This was a hospital based prospective randomized controlled trial study. Institutional Ethics Committee permission was obtained. Informed consent was taken from each and every woman who participated in the study. A total of 500 women in third stage of labour were divided into two groups of 250 each. The outcome was measured in terms of blood loss and hemoglobin percentage. Results: It is observed that the duration of III stage labour was more among control group where the cord was clamped compared to study group where the cord was drained. Similarly it was also observed that the blood loss was also more among control group compared to study group, both in multigravida and primigravida. It is seen that there was a fall of 1.1% of hemoglobin in primigravida in study group compared to 1% among control group in primigravida. Similar result was seen for multigravida women. Conclusion: Routine drug administration is unnecessary for all low risk women.