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1.
Online braz. j. nurs. (Online) ; 22: e20236651, 01 jan 2023. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1451206

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analisar a distribuição espacial da tuberculose e sua associação com fatores socioeconômicos. MÉTODO: Estudo ecológico, misto, com análise espacial dos casos de tuberculose no estado da Paraíba, notificados no período de 2015 a 2018. RESULTADOS: Foram notificados 6.082 casos, com incidência média de 37,4/100 mil habitantes. Nenhum município foi classificado com desenvolvimento "muito baixo", embora exista significância estatística entre as taxas de incidência e os fatores socioambientais. CONCLUSÃO: O índice de Moran apontou autocorrelação positiva entre as áreas com altas incidências. O Moran Map releva clusters que indicam concentração da infecção entre a Zona da Mata e o Agreste Paraibano, sendo o maior deles formado por 19 municípios.


OBJECTIVE: To analyze the spatial distribution of tuberculosis and its association with socioeconomic factors. METHOD: A mixed-methods ecological study with spatial analysis of tuberculosis cases in the state of Paraíba, reported from 2015 to 2018. RESULTS: A total of 6,082 cases were reported, with a mean incidence of 37.4/100,000 inhabitants. No municipality was classified as having "very low" development, although statistical significance exists between the incidence rates and the socioenvironmental factors. CONCLUSION: The Moran Index pointed out a positive autocorrelation between areas with high incidence values. The Moran Map reveals clusters that indicate a concentration of the infection between Zona da Mata and Agreste Paraibano, the largest of which comprises 19 municipalities.


Subject(s)
Humans , Socioeconomic Factors , Tuberculosis , Spatial Analysis , Ecological Studies , Health Information Systems
2.
Saúde Redes ; 6(2): 315­-325, 23/09/2020.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1121197

ABSTRACT

O presente artigo teve como objetivo relatar a experiência vivenciada no projeto de extensão "Educação Permanente em Saúde: fortalecendo ações da vigilância da saúde no Estado da Paraíba". Trata­ se de um documento descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência acerca de um projeto de extensão de caráter institucional e interdepartamental, desenvolvido pelo Núcleo de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva, da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, com o intuito de realizar ações de educação em saúde em face de endemias em diferentes cidades, por meio de oficinas e ações de informação, comunicação e educação popular como estratégia de vigilância da saúde. Durante as atividades, observou ­se a importância das práticas educavas que tinham em vista a conscientização, sensibilização e mobilização não só da população, mas, também, de órgãos governamentais, no que tange às estratégias da vigilância epidemiológica frente ao combate de doenças emergentes e reemergentes no Estado. Nesse sendo, o artigo reitera a credibilidade da extensão universitária ao oportunizar os compromissos ético­ científico e político ­social da universidade com a comunidade, atendendo demandas sociais mediante seu envolvimento com diferentes realidades e favorecendo uma postura crítica sobre as políticas de saúde do país. No âmbito locorregional, no que se refere aos princípios e diretrizes do Sistema Único de Saúde, verifica - se a priorização das doenças negligenciadas, bem como a ênfase no ensinar e aprender em vigilância da saúde.


The objective of this article was to report the experience lived in the extension project "Permanent Education in Health: strengthening actions of Health Surveillance in the State of Paraíba". It is a descriptive document, of the experience report type about an extension Project of institutional and interdepartmental character, developed by the Collective Health Study Nucleus of the Federal University of Paraíba (Núcleo de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva, da Universidade Federal da Paraíba), with the purpose of performing health education actions in face of endemics in different cities, through workshops and information, communication and popular education actions as a health surveillance strategy. During the activities, it was observed the importance of educational practices that had in view the awareness, sensitization and mobilization not only of the population, but also of governmental agencies, regarding epidemiological surveillance strategies in face of the combat of emerging and reemerging diseases in the State. In this sense, the article reiterates the credibility of the university extension by opportunizing ethical­ scientific and political­ social commitments of the university with the community, meeting social demands through its involvement with different realities and favoring a critical posture on health policies in the country. At the loco­regional level, regarding the principles and guidelines of the Brazilian Health System, there is a prioritization of neglected diseases, as well as an emphasis on teaching and learning in the surveillance of health.

3.
Saúde debate ; 44(125): 465-477, Abr.-Jun. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1127451

ABSTRACT

RESUMO A dengue é um grave problema de saúde pública, principalmente em países que apresentam condições socioambientais propícias para o desenvolvimento e proliferação do seu agente transmissor. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a distribuição espacial da incidência da dengue no estado da Paraíba entre 2007 e 2016, avaliando a existência de dependência geográfica e sua relação com fatores socioeconômicos e ambientais. Estudo ecológico, tendo com unidade de análise os 223 municípios do estado. Utilizaram-se o Índice de Moran global e local e a estatística c de Geary para avaliar a autocorrelação espacial da dengue e a associação com variáveis socioambientais. As análises foram realizadas por meio do software estatístico R Core Team versão 3.3.2. Ao analisar a distribuição de casos de dengue nos municípios da Paraíba, pode-se identificar que a doença vem avançando e acometendo maior número de cidades a cada ano. A doença esteve presente em todos as cidades analisadas, o que demonstrou a necessidade de implementar ações de prevenção da doença em todo o estado. Mediante esta pesquisa, ficou claro que a dengue, no estado da Paraíba, não é determinada por fator único e isolado, mas sim, pela combinação de vários fatores do contexto socioeconômico e ambiental.


ABSTRACT Dengue is a serious public health problem, especially in countries that have favorable socio-environmental conditions for the development and proliferation of its transmitting agent. This study aimed to analyze the spatial distribution of the incidence of dengue in the state of Paraíba between 2007 and 2016, evaluating the existence of geographic dependence and its relationship with socioeconomic and environmental factors. Ecological study, with the unit of analysis of the 223 municipalities in the state. The global and local Moran Index and the Geary c statistic were used to assess the spatial autocorrelation of dengue and the association with socioenvironmental variables. The analyzes were performed using statistical software R Core Team version 3.3.2. When analyzing the distribution of dengue cases in the municipalities of Paraíba, it can be identified that the disease has been advancing and affecting a greater number of cities each year. The disease was present in all the cities analyzed, which demonstrated the need to implement disease prevention actions across the state. Through this research, it became clear that dengue, in the state of Paraíba, is not determined by a single and isolated factor, but, rather, by the combination of several factors of the socioeconomic and environmental context.

4.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 50(1): 19-26, Jan.-Feb. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-842823

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Despite being the most prevalent arboviral disease worldwide, dengue has been neglected lately. However, recent epidemics of arboviruses such as Zika and chikungunya in locations throughout the world have alerted health authorities to these diseases. This study evaluated the incidence pattern of dengue, its clinical characteristics, and co-circulation of serotypes from 2007 to 2015 in Paraiba State, Northeast Brazil. METHODS: Data on dengue cases from 2007 to 2015 were extracted from clinical reports of the National System for Notifiable Diseases [Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN)] of Brazil provided by the Paraiba Health Department. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays for dengue serotypes were carried out on plasma samples obtained from patients with suspected dengue. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: According to clinical features, dengue fever [n = 39,083 (70.2%)] and dengue without warning signs [n = 15,365 (27.7%)] were the most common classifications of dengue. On RT-PCR, DENV 1 was the most commonly identified serotype (80.5%) in all years studied. Co-circulation of all four DENV serotypes was observed in 2013 and 2014. Furthermore, we observed an increase in dengue notifications in 2015, possibly due to the rise of Zika and chikungunya. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support the hypothesis that co-circulation of the four DENV serotypes may be a reason for the increased prevalence of severe forms of dengue in the years studied. This study may contribute to directing research, health policy, and financial resources toward reducing poorly controlled epidemic diseases.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Dengue/epidemiology , Dengue Virus/genetics , Brazil/epidemiology , Serotyping , Incidence , Molecular Epidemiology , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Dengue/virology , Middle Aged
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