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Rev. medica electron ; 32(2)abr. 2010. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-577747

ABSTRACT

El manejo complejo del paciente politraumatizado puede ser optimizado por métodos estandarizados y validados, usando los ya bien establecido algoritmos. Sin embargo, nuevos conceptos en los últimos años han demostrado que los pacientes críticamente enfermos tienen mejores y significativos resultados si los procedimientos quirúrgicos son abreviados para el beneficio de una transferencia precoz a una unidad de cuidados intensivos. Esta noción, la cual está en un agudo contraste con los conceptos quirúrgicos clásicos, ha sido definida como cirugía de control de daños. La cinética de la respuesta fisiológica a las lesiones severas debe ser tenida en cuenta para establecer el momento y las prioridades de las intervenciones quirúrgicas necesarias en estos pacientes. La metodología del control de daños en ortopedia se caracteriza por una estabilización del foco de fractura como tratamiento primario temporal, para evitar segundos golpes originados en una respuesta inflamatoria sistémica, y en los tratamientos quirúrgicos complejos convencionales.


The complex management of the politraumatized patient may be optimized by standardized and validated methods using the already well established algorithms. But new concepts appeared during the last years have shown that critically ill patients have better and more significant results if surgical procedures are shortened for the benefice of a precocious transference to an intensive care unit. This notion, acutely contrasting with classical surgical concepts, has been defined as Damage Control Surgery. Kinetics of the physiologic answer to severe lesions has to be taken into account to establish the moment and priorities of the surgical interventions needed in these patients. The methodology of damage control in Orthopedics is characterized by establishing the fracture focus as a temporal primary treatment, to avoid second strikes originated in a systemic inflammatory answer and in conventional complex surgical treatments. This golden balance between primary, secondary measures and knowledge on physiopathologic reactions, together with established diagnostics and therapeutic algorithms might be help to improve the outcomes in politraumatized patients. In the current work we made an up-today review of this new method of Damage Control in Orthopedics.


Subject(s)
Humans , Patient Care Management/methods , Orthopedics/methods , Orthopedic Procedures/methods
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