ABSTRACT
Background: Dermatoglyphics is the study of patterns of epidermal ridges on the volar surfaces of the skin. Thisis said to be associated with multiple intelligences in humans based on the fact that the neocortex anddermatoglyphic prints are developing simultaneously during embryogenesis and they are both geneticallydetermined. Hence this cross-sectional observational study to correlate Emotional Intelligence and dermatoglyphicpatterns.A self-evaluating questionnaire was applied on 100 M.B.B.S students, fingerprints of whom were collected using‘Ink and Paper’ method. The subjects were then categorized into two groups- Category A including subjects withEQ>120; and Category B including subjects with EQ<120. The collected fingerprints were categorized into PlainArches, Tented Arches, Ulnar Loops, Radial Loops, Whorls and Composite. The data was then tabulated andobserved for recurrence of patterns in each category of EQ and was statistically analyzed.Results: In Category A, the most recurring pattern is Ulnar Loop. In Category B, the most recurring fingerprintpattern is Ulnar Loop in all digits except the L4 and R4 in which Whorl is the most recurring type. The chi squaretest of significance and exact test of association were applied and ‘p’ values were calculated and none of themwere <0.05.Conclusion: The results correspond with the observations made in a previous study correlating dermatoglyphicsand IQ amongst medical students. Hence, the aforementioned results may be suggestive of some correlationbetween dermatoglyphics and EQ. However, the lack of statistical significance may be attributed to the modestsample size. Further research is required in this regard to validate the results of this study.
ABSTRACT
Background: Atlas, first cervical vertebra bears sulcus over posterior arch for third part of vertebral artery.Sometimes an osseous bridge converts the sulcus into a foramen called as Arcuate foramen. It is commonlycalled as Kimmerle’s anomaly, also known as Ponticulus Posticus. It is the product of the complete or incompleteossification of the posterior atlanto-occipital membrane over the vertebral artery groove resulting in the formationof a foramen (Arcuate foramen) containing the vertebral artery and the posterior branch of the C-1 spinal nerve.This variation has been associated with vertebro-basilar insufficiency symptoms, various types of headaches,and acute hearing loss. The knowledge of this variant prevents complications during lateral mass screw fixation,posterior laminectomy and endovascular surgery.Aims: The aim of the present study was to analyze the percentage of incidence of arcuate foramen and to identifyits clinical significance.Materials and Methods: Hundred dried human atlas bones were used to study the presence of arcuate foramen inthe department of Anatomy at ESIC Medical College and PGIMSR, Rajajinagar, Bangalore.Results: We came across the presence of arcuate foramen in two out of hundred bones. In both the atlas bones,osseous bridge extending from posterior aspect of superior articular facet to the posterior arch of atlas on theleft side, forming arcuate foramen, posterior to foramen transversarium was observed.Conclusion: Arcuate foramen commonly called as Kimmerle’s anomaly where in a groove for vertebral artery isconverted into a foramen by ossification of the ligament. Awareness of osseous bridging is essential in performingcranio-cervical junction surgeries. It also serves as an anthropological data and also identifying the impact ofcomplete arcuate foramen on the signs and symptoms of vertebra-basilar insufficiency.
ABSTRACT
For in vitro studies in mesentery, toluidine blue and thionin dyes are generally used. We have tried thionin and acridine orange stains and found it to be good as it showed good colour contrast between mast cells and the background tissue. The two dyes were selected to give good colour contrast.