ABSTRACT
Background: World Health Organization (WHO) defines sudden death as “deaths within 24 hours from the onset of the symptoms”. It is also defined as death, which is sudden, unexpected, clinically unexplained. Aims of the study was to classify underlying causes of sudden death, to find out risk factors, associated diseases and triggers of sudden deaths in the autopsy specimens received in the Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, South Gujarat.Methods: A review of autopsies of sudden deaths performed between January 2018 to August 2018 in age group 15-45 years at Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, South Gujarat were done.Results: A total of 150 cases were studied for sudden deaths during the study. The age ranged from 15 to 45 years. Maximum deaths occurred in the age group between 35-45 years. Males (n=120) were affected more than females (n=30). The cause of deaths in 84 cases (56%) were attributed to cardiac causes and the remaining cases (44%) were due to noncardiac causes like pulmonary diseases (17.3%) followed by hepatobiliary diseases (5.4%), cerebrovascular (2%) and others like suicide by ingestion of poisoning, hanging and asphyxia (9.3%). Major cardiac cause for sudden deaths was Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) (95.2%).Conclusions: Sudden deaths were common in young adults and most are attributed to a cardiac cause. This study highlights the serious health concern in our society and a necessity to create awareness among the population at risk so that sudden deaths can be averted and life expectancy can be improved.
ABSTRACT
Background: Leptospirosis is a globally important zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic leptospira. Leptospira species are spirochetes belonging to the order spirochetes and the family leptospiraceae. Present study is done to find out the incidence of thrombocytopenia in leptospirosis and to correlate it with other parameters like renal dysfunction, hepatic dysfunction and bleeding manifestation.Methods: Study includes 51 clinically suspected and diagnosed cases of leptospirosis, in Government hospital, South Gujarat, during a period from January 2017 to December 2017. Clinical signs and symptoms and complications, biochemical profile like bilirubin and creatinine, haematological profile like Hb, WBC count and platelet count were recorded. Thrombocytopenia was defined as a platelet count below 1,50,000/cmm.Results: The present study includes 51 cases of Leptospirosis. Age ranged from 16 years to 61 years (male-39 and Females-12) There were 38 (74.5%) cases with thrombocytopenia and 13 (25.4%) cases with normal platelet count. Out of 38 thrombocytopenic cases, 32 (84.2%) cases had renal dysfunction, 26 (68.4%) cases had hepatic dysfunction and 16 (42.1%) cases had pulmonary haemorrhage. Among 13 cases with normal platelet count, 8 (61.5%) cases had hepatic dysfunction and 7 (53.8%) cases had renal dysfunction and 3 (23%) cases had pulmonary haemorrhage.Conclusions: Thrombocytopenia is a frequent complication (present in more than half of the patient) in leptospirosis and associated with more frequent and more severe complications. Therefore, early recognition of thrombocytopenia is recommended to prevent complications and mortality in leptospirosis.
ABSTRACT
Background: Most of the patients suffering from malaria shows reduced Red cell count, leukopenia and varying degree of thrombocytopenia but it is rarely associated with haemorrhagic manifestations. Aims & Objective: This study was undertaken to correlate the incidence and severity of thrombocytopenia with the prevalent species of malaria. Material and Methods: Total 1480 Patients were included in this study after positive identification on PSMP. Platelet count was done by haematology analyser (Sysmax Kx 21). Results: Incidence of thrombocytopenia was seen in 83.80% and 74% cases of P. falciparum and P. vivax malaria respectively. Severe thrombocytopenia in P. falciparum was found in 7.70% cases while in P. vivax 3.67% cases. No difference was observed in incidence of thrombocytopenia in both age groups in relation to both prevalent species. In paediatric age group, significant leukopenia was found in 22.22% Cases of P. falciparum in comparison to P. vivax (14.96%). Hb less than 10 mg/dl was found in 66.11% cases in P. Falciparum while in P. vivax it was found in 40.13% cases. In adults leukopenia was found in 27.46% Cases of P. falciparum in comparison to P. vivax 22.61% cases. Hb less than 10 mg/dl was found in 41.28% cases in P. falciparum while in P. vivax it was found in 28.57% cases. Conclusion: Severe thrombocytopenia is commonly associated with P. falciparum malaria however severe thrombocytopenia also observed in P. Vivax malaria. In both species of malaria significant number paediatric patients present with low Hb level compared to adults. In P. vivax malaria significant number of adult patients presented with leukopenia as compared to paediatric patients.
ABSTRACT
Background: Malaria is a major health problem and infects many individuals despite of various efforts to control it. The present study was aimed to observe characteristics of malaria, seasonal variation and prevalence of malaria in our region. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in our institute from period of January 2012 to December 2012. All the fever cases undergone investigations for malarial parasites were included in present study for defined time period. All the laboratory data of the patients having fever were retrieved from the Pathology Laboratory of our institute. Results: out of total 32674 reports studied 4907(15.01%) were positive for malaria with overall Slide positivity rate and slide falciparum rate were 15.01% and 38.29% respectively. Incidence of malaria occurs throughout year with increased incidence of P. falciparum in monsoon. Conclusion: In the present study incidence of malaria was higher in monsoon in comparison to other seasons. But throughout the year no declining trends in incidence of malaria was observed. P. vivax malaria was more commonly observed in our study but incidence of P. falciparum increased in monsoon.