Kawasaki disease with gallbladder hydrops Report of a Case

 A 4 ½ -year-old boy Presented w9ith high fever and right cervical lymphadenitis for five days.  One day before admission, he still had fever and developed abdominal pain.  During admission, abdominal pain progressed, jaundice and gallbladder hydrops were detected.  He was treated with antimicrobial agents without clinical improvement.  Kawasaki disease was diagnosed one week after admission.  The patient was treated with aspirin and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG).  Fever defervesed within 24 hours with improvement in general conditions, jaundice and abdominal pain.  Peripheral and perianal desquamation developed in the third week of illness.  This patient recovered without complication. 

Rubella Immunization in 18 month-old Thai Children

 Rubella vaccine were give to 18 month-old children who attended the well baby clinic at Srinagarind Hospital, simultaneously with DPT, OPV vaccination but the injections were at different sites.  From May-August 1988} 50 children completed the study protocol.  All children had non-detectable rubella antibody (hemagglutination inhibition test) before vaccination.  Four-6 weeks after vaccination, 28 children had rubella antibody of at least 1:10 with the geometric mean titer of 41.7. No serious reaction occurred after vaccination except fever in 42% of the children of with mostly were low grade fever.

Japanese Encephalitis Virus and Vaccination

no abstract

Clinical manifestations and survival of children with perinatal HIV-infection in Northeast Thailand

Background: The number of Thai children with perinatal HIV-infection receiving antiretroviral therapy has been increasing.Objectives: To describe clinical manifestations and survival of children with perinatal HIV infection.Methods: All children with perinatal HIV infection who received care at a university hospital in Northeast Thailand between January 1998 and December 2006 were included in this study. Children were assessed for their outcomes through December 31, 2007.Results: There were 322 perinatally HIV-infected children, 55.3% were female. The median age at the first clinical event was 51 months (interquartile range (IQR) =13-82). The three most common initial clinical events were pruritic papular eruption, recurrent or chronic respiratory tract infection, and persistent diarrhea. The three most common opportunistic infections were pulmonary tuberculosis, oral candidiasis, and pneumonia. Two hundred and forty three (75.5%) children received antiretroviral therapy (ARV). The initial ARV was monotherapy in 12 children (4.9%), dual therapy in 71 (29.2%), and a highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimen in 157 (64.6%). ARV was started at the median age of 76 months (IQR=47-99). As of December 31, 2007, 236 children were alive and 54 (16.8%) were known to have died. The one- and 5-year survival rates of all children were 99.4% (95%CI= 97.5-99.8%) and 93.9% (95%CI=90.6-96.0%), respectively. In children who presented with CDC clinical class C, the one-and 5-year survival rates were 96.0% (95%CI=84.9%-98.9%) and 75.7% (95%CI=60.4-85.8%), respectively.Conclusion: Survival rates among perinatally HIV-infected children in Northeast Thailand, including those who developed AIDS, increased. This might be due to the availability of ARV treatment and holistic care.